[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":425},["ShallowReactive",2],{"answers-\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question":3,"answers-cluster-research-gaps":104,"answers-related-\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question":144},{"id":4,"title":5,"answer":6,"body":7,"cluster":66,"description":67,"extension":68,"faq":69,"heading":72,"intro":60,"kind":73,"meta":74,"navigation":75,"order":76,"outbound":77,"path":84,"primaryQuery":85,"product":86,"related":87,"seo":90,"sources":91,"stem":102,"updated":95,"__hash__":103},"answers\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question.md","What Makes a Research Question Good Enough for a PhD","Four properties. It can be answered with evidence you can realistically obtain. It could come out either way. Answering it changes something someone believes. And it is large enough to sustain several years without being so large that no single study could settle it.",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":59},"minimark",[10,14,17,20,23,26,29,34,37,40,43,46,50,53,56],[11,12,13],"p",{},"The property people underweight is the second one. A question whose answer is already obvious is not a research question, it is a demonstration. If everyone in your field would confidently predict the result, and they would be right, you have committed several years to confirming what was already known.",[11,15,16],{},"The test is to write down the answer you expect, then write the opposite, and ask whether the opposite is defensible. If a competent colleague could argue for it, the question is live. If nobody could, either find a sharper version or accept that the contribution is methodological rather than substantive, and say so.",[11,18,19],{},"The fourth property, scale, is the one supervisors correct most often. Doctoral questions fail in both directions. Too large, and the thesis becomes a survey with no findings of its own. Too small, and there is a good paper but not a thesis, which is a real risk in fields where a single experiment is a normal unit of work.",[11,21,22],{},"The reliable calibration is the sub-question structure. A doctoral question is one that decomposes naturally into three or four smaller questions, each of which would make a solid chapter. If yours does not decompose, it is probably a paper. If it decomposes into nine, it is probably a research programme and you should take a piece of it.",[11,24,25],{},"If you want a longer checklist than four properties, the standard one is FINERMAPS: feasible, interesting, novel, ethical, relevant, manageable, appropriate, potentially valuable and publishable, and systematic (Ratan et al., 2019, pp. 15-16). Two of those items are usually collapsed and should not be. Feasibility asks whether the study is possible under the conditions you have, and manageability asks whether you personally can organize and finish it (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 17). A question can pass the first and fail the second, which is the common shape of a stalled third year.",[11,27,28],{},"The same source gives a concrete test for scale in the other direction. \"What is the protein-energy malnutrition in schoolchildren in Delhi?\" is answerable with a single statistic, while \"How does the education level of the parents impact protein-energy malnutrition in schoolchildren of Delhi?\" names a relationship you can argue about (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 16). The narrowing move is the same in any field: start from prior studies, state what is still unknown, then specify the population, the outcome, and the timeframe until the method you propose could actually produce an answer (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 18). Their worked clinical example fixes patients aged 2 to 9 years, 34 applications of mitomycin C at 0.4 mg\u002Fml for five minutes over six months, and symptomatic and radiological relief as the outcome (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 19). Copy the level of detail, not the content.",[30,31,33],"h2",{"id":32},"how-many-research-questions-should-a-thesis-have","How many research questions should a thesis have?",[11,35,36],{},"One main question and two to four sub-questions. More than that and the thesis loses a spine, because a reader cannot hold five independent lines of inquiry and see them as one contribution. If you have six, two of them are usually the same question at different levels of detail.",[11,38,39],{},"The main question is the one your abstract answers in a sentence. If you cannot write that sentence, you have a collection of studies rather than a thesis, which is survivable but makes the introduction and conclusion much harder to write.",[11,41,42],{},"Test the set for coherence by asking whether answering all the sub-questions would answer the main one. If a sub-question could be dropped without weakening the answer, it belongs in a paper rather than in this thesis.",[11,44,45],{},"Sub-questions do not all have to take the same form. Questions can concern existence, description or classification, composition, relationships, comparisons, or causality, so a descriptive sub-question is legitimate as long as it feeds the main argument (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 15). What is not legitimate is a question whose answer is pure retrieval, such as how much time children spend exercising, where a question about the relationship between physical activity and childhood obesity does real work instead (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 16). The two sources part company on timing. Ratan treats question formulation as a front-loaded design step, while Henderson and Chambers, writing about Registered Reports, require all research questions to be stated in the Stage 1 manuscript and any question that arises from the data to be labelled as having emerged later (Henderson and Chambers, 2022, p. 8). If your field is moving toward preregistration, that labelling is the difference between an honest exploratory finding and a question you look like you had all along.",[30,47,49],{"id":48},"should-sub-questions-map-onto-chapters","Should sub-questions map onto chapters?",[11,51,52],{},"Usually yes, and it makes the thesis much easier to read. One sub-question per empirical chapter gives each chapter an obvious job and an obvious conclusion. Where a sub-question needs two chapters, say so early rather than leaving the reader to work out the structure.",[11,54,55],{},"The mapping also helps you write. A chapter with a question at the top has a finish line: it ends when the question is answered. Chapters defined by topic rather than question are the ones that sprawl, because nothing tells you when they are done.",[11,57,58],{},"State the mapping explicitly in the introduction, in one short paragraph or a small table. Examiners read that passage and refer back to it, and a thesis whose structure is legible on page ten is read more generously throughout.",{"title":60,"searchDepth":61,"depth":61,"links":62},"",4,[63,65],{"id":32,"depth":64,"text":33},2,{"id":48,"depth":64,"text":49},"research-gaps","What separates a doctoral research question from a masters one, how many questions a thesis should have, and whether sub-questions should map onto chapters.","md",[70,71],{"q":33,"a":36},{"q":49,"a":52},"What makes a good research question in a PhD thesis?","answer",{},true,5,[78,81],{"label":79,"to":80},"Hypothesis generation and testing","\u002Fdocs\u002Fresearch-workflows\u002Fhypothesis-generation-and-testing",{"label":82,"to":83},"Outlining a paper from a map","\u002Fdocs\u002Fresearch-workflows\u002Foutlining-a-paper","\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question","what makes a good research question in a phd thesis",null,[88,89],"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fstructure-a-phd-thesis","\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fprepare-for-a-phd-viva",{"title":5,"description":67},[92,96,99],{"label":93,"url":94,"checked":95},"Ratan et al., Formulation of Research Question - Stepwise Approach, Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons (2019)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.4103\u002Fjiaps.JIAPS_76_18","2026-08-06",{"label":97,"url":98,"checked":95},"Henderson and Chambers, Ten simple rules for writing a Registered Report, PLoS Computational Biology (2022)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pcbi.1010571",{"label":100,"url":101,"checked":95},"Lingard, Writing an effective literature review: Part I: Mapping the gap, Perspectives on Medical Education (2018)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs40037-017-0401-x","answers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question","3gaN8JxZFeOyDvYBxGjxfsuUbFJiOkYIy_zaeYtM9Ss",[105,110,114,119,123,124,129,134,139],{"path":106,"heading":107,"description":108,"order":109},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Ffind-a-research-gap","How do I identify a research gap in the literature?","How to identify a research gap in the literature, the different kinds of gap that exist, and how to tell a real one from a topic nobody has bothered to publish on.",1,{"path":111,"heading":112,"description":113,"order":64},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fis-my-research-gap-original","How do I know if my research gap is original?","How to check that a research gap has not already been filled, what to do if someone publishes your idea first, and how thorough the originality check has to be.",{"path":115,"heading":116,"description":117,"order":118},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwrite-a-research-gap-statement","How do I write a research gap statement?","How to write a research gap statement that holds up, which phrasings make a gap sound weak or overclaimed, and how long the statement should actually be.",3,{"path":120,"heading":121,"description":122,"order":61},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fturn-a-topic-into-a-research-question","How do I turn a research topic into a research question?","How to convert a broad research topic into an answerable research question, how narrow it needs to be, and the difference between a question and a research aim.",{"path":84,"heading":72,"description":67,"order":76},{"path":125,"heading":126,"description":127,"order":128},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis","What is the difference between a research question and a hypothesis?","The difference between a research question and a hypothesis, whether a qualitative study can have one, and when a project genuinely needs both.",6,{"path":130,"heading":131,"description":132,"order":133},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-changed-mid-phd","Can a research question change during a PhD?","Whether a research question can change during a PhD, how to justify the change to a supervisor or committee, and what happens to work built on the old question.",7,{"path":135,"heading":136,"description":137,"order":138},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question","How do I narrow down a research question that is too broad?","How to narrow a research question that is too broad, which parts of a question you can narrow on, and how to tell when you have gone too far the other way.",8,{"path":140,"heading":141,"description":142,"order":143},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fchoose-a-theoretical-framework","How do I choose a theoretical framework for my thesis?","How to choose a theoretical framework for a thesis, the difference between a theoretical and a conceptual framework, and whether you can use more than one.",9,[145,148,151,154,156,159,162,165,168,171,174,177,180,183,186,189,192,195,198,201,204,207,210,213,216,219,222,225,228,231,234,237,240,243,246,249,252,255,258,261,264,267,270,273,276,279,282,285,288,291,294,297,299,302,305,308,311,314,317,320,323,326,329,332,335,338,341,344,347,350,353,356,359,362,365,368,371,374,377,380,383,386,389,392,393,394,395,396,397,398,399,400,401,404,407,410,413,416,419,422],{"path":146,"heading":147},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fdraft-without-stopping-for-citations","How do I draft when I keep stopping to look up citations?",{"path":149,"heading":150},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fhow-long-should-a-literature-review-chapter-be","How long should a literature review chapter be?",{"path":152,"heading":153},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fparaphrase-without-plagiarizing","How do I paraphrase a source without plagiarizing?",{"path":88,"heading":155},"How do I structure a PhD thesis chapter by chapter?",{"path":157,"heading":158},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fthesis-by-publication-or-monograph","Should I do a thesis by publication or a monograph?",{"path":160,"heading":161},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-discussion-section","How do I write a discussion section without repeating the results?",{"path":163,"heading":164},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-methodology-chapter","How do I write a methodology chapter?",{"path":166,"heading":167},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-thesis-introduction","How do I write a thesis introduction?",{"path":169,"heading":170},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-an-abstract","How do I write an abstract for a research paper?",{"path":172,"heading":173},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-consistently-during-a-phd","How do I write consistently during a PhD?",{"path":175,"heading":176},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fai-for-systematic-review-screening","Can I use AI for screening in a systematic review?",{"path":178,"heading":179},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fare-ai-detectors-reliable","Are AI detectors reliable?",{"path":181,"heading":182},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-an-ai-be-an-author","Can an AI tool be listed as an author on a paper?",{"path":184,"heading":185},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-i-use-ai-for-a-literature-review","Can I use AI for a literature review?",{"path":187,"heading":188},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-you-trust-an-ai-summary","Can I trust AI summaries of research papers?",{"path":190,"heading":191},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fdisclose-ai-use-in-a-paper","Do I need to disclose AI use in a research paper?",{"path":193,"heading":194},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fhow-to-cite-chatgpt","How do I cite ChatGPT in APA 7?",{"path":196,"heading":197},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fis-using-chatgpt-plagiarism","Is using ChatGPT for academic writing plagiarism?",{"path":199,"heading":200},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-in-a-phd-thesis","Can I use AI in a PhD thesis?",{"path":202,"heading":203},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-to-write-a-peer-review","Can I use AI to help write a peer review?",{"path":205,"heading":206},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fverify-ai-generated-citations","How do I check whether AI-generated citations are real?",{"path":208,"heading":209},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-ai-answers-better-on-your-own-pdfs","Why does an AI answer better when it reads my own PDFs?",{"path":211,"heading":212},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-chatgpt-invents-references","Why does ChatGPT make up references?",{"path":214,"heading":215},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation","How do I check that every claim in my thesis is supported by its citation?",{"path":217,"heading":218},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original","Should I cite the paper I read or the original study it references?",{"path":220,"heading":221},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcited-source-does-not-say-that","What do I do when a paper's cited source does not support its claim?",{"path":223,"heading":224},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-paper-you-cannot-access","Can I cite a paper I cannot get hold of?",{"path":226,"heading":227},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-review-instead-of-the-original","Is citing a review instead of the original research bad practice?",{"path":229,"heading":230},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fdo-i-need-to-cite-everything","Do I need to cite absolutely everything in a thesis?",{"path":232,"heading":233},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fhow-much-self-citation","How much self-citation is acceptable?",{"path":235,"heading":236},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fjournal-page-number-or-pdf-page-number","Do I use the journal page number or the PDF page number in a citation?",{"path":238,"heading":239},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fquoting-a-source-in-another-language","How do I quote a source in another language in an English thesis?",{"path":241,"heading":242},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fwhere-does-the-citation-go","Where should a citation go when only one clause in a sentence needs support?",{"path":244,"heading":245},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fyou-described-a-result-too-broadly","How do I fix a sentence that describes a study's result too broadly?",{"path":247,"heading":248},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fzotero-or-mendeley","Should I use Zotero or Mendeley for a PhD?",{"path":250,"heading":251},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fbuild-a-synthesis-matrix","How do I build a synthesis matrix when my themes keep changing as I read?",{"path":253,"heading":254},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current","How do I keep a literature review current over a multi-year PhD?",{"path":256,"heading":257},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-synthesis-or-summary","How do I know if my literature review is synthesis or just a summary?",{"path":259,"heading":260},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-too-descriptive","What does it mean when a supervisor says a literature review is too descriptive?",{"path":262,"heading":263},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fnarrative-scoping-or-systematic-review","What is the difference between a narrative literature review and a systematic review?",{"path":265,"heading":266},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Forganize-literature-review-by-argument","How do I organize a literature review by argument instead of by paper?",{"path":268,"heading":269},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Freview-that-leads-to-your-question","How do I write a literature review that leads logically to my research question?",{"path":271,"heading":272},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fscreening-abstracts-for-a-review","How do I screen hundreds of abstracts for a systematic review?",{"path":274,"heading":275},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fstudies-with-opposite-conclusions","What do I write when two studies on the same question reach opposite conclusions?",{"path":277,"heading":278},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsynthesis-matrix-into-paragraphs","How do I turn a synthesis matrix into literature review paragraphs?",{"path":280,"heading":281},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsystematic-review-search-strategy","How do I build a search strategy for a systematic review?",{"path":283,"heading":284},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fwhen-to-stop-searching-for-papers","How do I know when to stop searching for papers for a literature review?",{"path":286,"heading":287},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fdefend-your-methodology-in-a-viva","How do I defend my methodology in a viva?",{"path":289,"heading":290},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fimposter-syndrome-in-a-phd","How do I deal with imposter syndrome during a PhD?",{"path":292,"heading":293},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fplan-a-realistic-phd-timeline","How do I plan a realistic PhD timeline?",{"path":295,"heading":296},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fpostdoc-or-industry","Should I do a postdoc or go to industry after my PhD?",{"path":89,"heading":298},"How do I prepare for a PhD viva?",{"path":300,"heading":301},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fstop-procrastinating-on-your-phd","How do I stop procrastinating on my PhD?",{"path":303,"heading":304},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhat-happens-if-a-viva-goes-badly","What happens if you fail a PhD viva?",{"path":306,"heading":307},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhen-your-supervisor-is-not-supportive","What do I do when my PhD supervisor is not supportive?",{"path":309,"heading":310},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwrite-an-academic-cv","How do I write an academic CV for a postdoc application?",{"path":312,"heading":313},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fchoose-a-journal","How do I choose a journal for my paper?",{"path":315,"heading":316},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fdo-you-pay-to-publish-open-access","Do I have to pay to publish open access?",{"path":318,"heading":319},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-author-order-is-decided","How is author order decided on a paper?",{"path":321,"heading":322},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-peer-review-works","How does journal peer review actually work?",{"path":324,"heading":325},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-to-cite-a-preprint","How do I cite a preprint?",{"path":327,"heading":328},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fjournal-submission-cover-letter","How do I write a cover letter for a journal submission?",{"path":330,"heading":331},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Frespond-to-reviewer-comments","How do I respond to peer reviewer comments?",{"path":333,"heading":334},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fshould-you-post-a-preprint","Should I post my paper as a preprint?",{"path":336,"heading":337},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fspot-a-predatory-journal","How do I tell if a journal is predatory?",{"path":339,"heading":340},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fwhy-papers-get-desk-rejected","Why was my paper desk rejected?",{"path":342,"heading":343},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ffind-the-paper-you-half-remember","How do I find a paper when I only remember the argument it made?",{"path":345,"heading":346},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhighlighting-pdfs-stops-working","Why can I never find my PDF highlights again?",{"path":348,"heading":349},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhow-many-papers-can-you-read-a-day","How many papers can a PhD student realistically read in a day?",{"path":351,"heading":352},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fkeep-up-with-new-papers","How do I keep up with new papers without reading everything?",{"path":354,"heading":355},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnon-english-studies-in-a-review","How do I include non-English studies in a literature review?",{"path":357,"heading":358},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnote-system-takes-too-long","What do I do when my note-taking system takes longer than reading the papers?",{"path":360,"heading":361},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Forganize-100-papers","How do I organize and extract information from more than 100 papers?",{"path":363,"heading":364},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Freading-papers-in-a-second-language","How do I read research papers efficiently when English is my second language?",{"path":366,"heading":367},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fremember-what-a-paper-said","How do I remember what was in papers I read months ago?",{"path":369,"heading":370},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Frestart-a-project-after-months-away","How do I get back into a research project after months away?",{"path":372,"heading":373},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftrack-connections-between-papers","How do I keep track of connections between papers?",{"path":375,"heading":376},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftriage-pdfs-before-reading","How do I triage 200 PDFs before deciding which ones to read in full?",{"path":378,"heading":379},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fanonymize-qualitative-data","How do I anonymize qualitative interview data?",{"path":381,"heading":382},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Ffair-data-principles-in-practice","What are the FAIR data principles?",{"path":384,"heading":385},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Forganize-research-data-files","How do I organize research data files?",{"path":387,"heading":388},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwhat-preregistration-is","What is preregistration in research?",{"path":390,"heading":391},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwrite-a-data-management-plan","How do I write a data management plan?",{"path":140,"heading":141},{"path":106,"heading":107},{"path":111,"heading":112},{"path":135,"heading":136},{"path":130,"heading":131},{"path":125,"heading":126},{"path":120,"heading":121},{"path":84,"heading":72},{"path":115,"heading":116},{"path":402,"heading":403},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fchoose-a-statistical-test","How do I choose which statistical test to use?",{"path":405,"heading":406},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-many-interviews-is-enough","How many interviews are enough for a qualitative study?",{"path":408,"heading":409},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-to-do-thematic-analysis","How do I do thematic analysis step by step?",{"path":411,"heading":412},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Finductive-or-deductive-coding","What is the difference between inductive and deductive thematic analysis?",{"path":414,"heading":415},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fintegrate-mixed-methods-data","How do I integrate qualitative and quantitative data in a mixed methods study?",{"path":417,"heading":418},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Frigour-in-qualitative-research","How do I show rigour in qualitative research?",{"path":420,"heading":421},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwhat-a-p-value-means","What does a p value actually mean?",{"path":423,"heading":424},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwork-out-your-sample-size","How do I calculate the sample size for a study?",1786014767882]