[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":430},["ShallowReactive",2],{"answers-\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis":3,"answers-cluster-research-gaps":109,"answers-related-\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis":149},{"id":4,"title":5,"answer":6,"body":7,"cluster":69,"description":70,"extension":71,"faq":72,"heading":75,"intro":63,"kind":76,"meta":77,"navigation":78,"order":79,"outbound":80,"path":87,"primaryQuery":88,"product":89,"related":92,"seo":95,"sources":96,"stem":107,"updated":100,"__hash__":108},"answers\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis.md","Research Question or Hypothesis: Which Do You Need?","A research question asks what is the case. A hypothesis states what you expect to be the case and commits you to a test that could show otherwise. The question defines the inquiry, the hypothesis makes a prediction inside it. Every hypothesis implies a question, but not every question needs one.",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":62},"minimark",[10,14,17,20,23,26,29,32,37,40,43,46,50,53,56,59],[11,12,13],"p",{},"The choice is usually made by the design rather than by preference. If your study will produce a number that could be larger or smaller than expected, you have a prediction whether or not you write it down, and writing it down before you look is what makes the test meaningful. If your study will produce categories, patterns, or an interpretation, a prediction constrains you before you know enough to make one.",[11,15,16],{},"Methods guides put the sequence in order. Ratan and colleagues treat the research question as a response to an existing uncertainty and sort questions into those about existence, description, relationships, comparisons, and causality. They then test a candidate question against ten criteria abbreviated as FINERMAPS, meaning feasible, interesting, novel, ethical, relevant, manageable, appropriate, potential value, publishability, and systematic (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 15). The hypothesis comes afterwards as what they call an operational transformation of the question, a statement of the expected nature and direction of a relationship between variables (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 18).",[11,18,19],{},"The type of question also picks the design before any prediction is written. A question about disease incidence points to a survey, a question about risk factors points to a case-control or cohort study, and a question about the effect of an intervention points to a clinical trial, with the hypothesis framed once the design is settled (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 19).",[11,21,22],{},"The confusion is made worse by fields that use the words differently. In much of psychology and medicine, hypotheses are mandatory and questions are informal framing. In sociology, history, and most of the humanities, hypotheses are rare and would look odd. Neither convention is wrong, and the safe move is to read three recent theses from your own department rather than a generic methods guide.",[11,24,25],{},"Where a hypothesis is appropriate, the important discipline is specifying it before you see the data. A prediction written after analysis is not a test, and presenting it as one is a recognized problem with a name. Preregistration exists precisely to make the timing verifiable, and even an informal dated note to your supervisor is better than nothing.",[11,27,28],{},"The null hypothesis deserves a mention, since it is where the confusion concentrates. It is a statistical device, not your scientific expectation. You can predict an effect and still test against a null of no effect, and the two statements do different jobs.",[11,30,31],{},"Greenland and colleagues define the study hypothesis as a specified effect size targeted for analysis, and the null is only the version that specifies zero. A test can instead concern a nonzero effect, or whether an effect sits above, below, or inside a stated boundary (Greenland et al., 2016, pp. 338-339). They also warn against reading power as a verdict on a finished study. If two studies each have 80% power and the alternative is correct, both reach P at or below 0.05 only 64% of the time, and in 32% of cases one crosses that threshold while the other does not, which is why they ask you to report point estimates and the range of compatible effects rather than an isolated null test (Greenland et al., 2016, p. 345, and p. 340).",[33,34,36],"h2",{"id":35},"can-a-qualitative-study-have-a-hypothesis","Can a qualitative study have a hypothesis?",[11,38,39],{},"It can, but usually it should not lead with one. Qualitative designs are built to discover categories rather than test predictions, and a stated hypothesis pushes you towards confirming it. What qualitative work does carry is expectations, and making those explicit as reflexivity is more honest than dressing them as hypotheses.",[11,41,42],{},"Grounded theory takes this furthest and asks you to hold the literature at arm's length while coding, precisely so the categories come from the data. Other qualitative traditions are more comfortable with prior theory, and some, such as framework analysis, start from an existing structure openly.",[11,44,45],{},"If a supervisor or committee asks for hypotheses in a qualitative study, ask what they want the hypotheses to do. Often the real request is for a clearer statement of what you expect to find and why, which reflexivity handles better.",[33,47,49],{"id":48},"do-i-need-both-in-the-same-study","Do I need both in the same study?",[11,51,52],{},"Only when the question is broad and the test is narrow. Then the question frames the chapter and the hypotheses specify what will be measured. Stating both when the hypotheses simply restate the question adds a page and no information, which reviewers notice.",[11,54,55],{},"Mixed methods designs are where both genuinely belong. The qualitative strand carries questions, the quantitative strand carries hypotheses, and the integration section explains how the two speak to each other.",[11,57,58],{},"Henderson and Chambers give a format for keeping the two aligned. Where hypotheses apply, they should follow directly from the research questions and turn a theoretical prediction into an observable outcome, set out in a design summary table that places each question and hypothesis next to its sampling plan, its analysis, and the result that would confirm or disconfirm it (Henderson and Chambers, 2022, p. 3). They also push back on the pressure to predict a positive result, since a study should be informative whether or not the hypothesis is supported, because the value sits in the question and the quality of the methods rather than in the outcome (Henderson and Chambers, 2022, p. 6).",[11,60,61],{},"When you do use both, number them and keep the numbering consistent through methods, results, and discussion. A reader tracking hypothesis three through a hundred pages should never have to search for it.",{"title":63,"searchDepth":64,"depth":64,"links":65},"",4,[66,68],{"id":35,"depth":67,"text":36},2,{"id":48,"depth":67,"text":49},"research-gaps","The difference between a research question and a hypothesis, whether a qualitative study can have one, and when a project genuinely needs both.","md",[73,74],{"q":36,"a":39},{"q":49,"a":52},"What is the difference between a research question and a hypothesis?","answer",{},true,6,[81,84],{"label":82,"to":83},"Hypothesis generation and testing","\u002Fdocs\u002Fresearch-workflows\u002Fhypothesis-generation-and-testing",{"label":85,"to":86},"Comparative analysis as a workflow","\u002Fdocs\u002Fresearch-workflows\u002Fcomparative-analysis","\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis","difference between a research question and a hypothesis",{"text":90,"to":83,"label":91},"Agent Bayes can take a hypothesis you write and test it against the papers in your library, returning the claims that support it, the claims that cut against it, and the places your corpus is silent. The silence is reported rather than filled, so a thin evidence base looks thin.","How hypothesis testing against a corpus works",[93,94],"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwhat-a-p-value-means","\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwhat-preregistration-is",{"title":5,"description":70},[97,101,104],{"label":98,"url":99,"checked":100},"Ratan et al., Formulation of Research Question - Stepwise Approach, Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons (2019)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.4103\u002Fjiaps.JIAPS_76_18","2026-08-06",{"label":102,"url":103,"checked":100},"Greenland et al., Statistical tests, P values, confidence intervals, and power: a guide to misinterpretations, European Journal of Epidemiology (2016)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs10654-016-0149-3",{"label":105,"url":106,"checked":100},"Henderson and Chambers, Ten simple rules for writing a Registered Report, PLoS Computational Biology (2022)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pcbi.1010571","answers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis","p0HvlJwiY2OEbIwIY1is-p6lD0-HHGsPAoqlaA73e9Y",[110,115,119,124,128,133,134,139,144],{"path":111,"heading":112,"description":113,"order":114},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Ffind-a-research-gap","How do I identify a research gap in the literature?","How to identify a research gap in the literature, the different kinds of gap that exist, and how to tell a real one from a topic nobody has bothered to publish on.",1,{"path":116,"heading":117,"description":118,"order":67},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fis-my-research-gap-original","How do I know if my research gap is original?","How to check that a research gap has not already been filled, what to do if someone publishes your idea first, and how thorough the originality check has to be.",{"path":120,"heading":121,"description":122,"order":123},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwrite-a-research-gap-statement","How do I write a research gap statement?","How to write a research gap statement that holds up, which phrasings make a gap sound weak or overclaimed, and how long the statement should actually be.",3,{"path":125,"heading":126,"description":127,"order":64},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fturn-a-topic-into-a-research-question","How do I turn a research topic into a research question?","How to convert a broad research topic into an answerable research question, how narrow it needs to be, and the difference between a question and a research aim.",{"path":129,"heading":130,"description":131,"order":132},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question","What makes a good research question in a PhD thesis?","What separates a doctoral research question from a masters one, how many questions a thesis should have, and whether sub-questions should map onto chapters.",5,{"path":87,"heading":75,"description":70,"order":79},{"path":135,"heading":136,"description":137,"order":138},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-changed-mid-phd","Can a research question change during a PhD?","Whether a research question can change during a PhD, how to justify the change to a supervisor or committee, and what happens to work built on the old question.",7,{"path":140,"heading":141,"description":142,"order":143},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question","How do I narrow down a research question that is too broad?","How to narrow a research question that is too broad, which parts of a question you can narrow on, and how to tell when you have gone too far the other way.",8,{"path":145,"heading":146,"description":147,"order":148},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fchoose-a-theoretical-framework","How do I choose a theoretical framework for my thesis?","How to choose a theoretical framework for a thesis, the difference between a theoretical and a conceptual framework, and whether you can use more than one.",9,[150,153,156,159,162,165,168,171,174,177,180,183,186,189,192,195,198,201,204,207,210,213,216,219,222,225,228,231,234,237,240,243,246,249,252,255,258,261,264,267,270,273,276,279,282,285,288,291,294,297,300,303,306,309,312,315,318,321,324,327,330,333,336,339,342,345,348,351,354,357,360,363,366,369,372,375,378,381,384,387,390,393,395,398,399,400,401,402,403,404,405,406,407,410,413,416,419,422,425,427],{"path":151,"heading":152},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fdraft-without-stopping-for-citations","How do I draft when I keep stopping to look up citations?",{"path":154,"heading":155},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fhow-long-should-a-literature-review-chapter-be","How long should a literature review chapter be?",{"path":157,"heading":158},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fparaphrase-without-plagiarizing","How do I paraphrase a source without plagiarizing?",{"path":160,"heading":161},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fstructure-a-phd-thesis","How do I structure a PhD thesis chapter by chapter?",{"path":163,"heading":164},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fthesis-by-publication-or-monograph","Should I do a thesis by publication or a monograph?",{"path":166,"heading":167},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-discussion-section","How do I write a discussion section without repeating the results?",{"path":169,"heading":170},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-methodology-chapter","How do I write a methodology chapter?",{"path":172,"heading":173},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-thesis-introduction","How do I write a thesis introduction?",{"path":175,"heading":176},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-an-abstract","How do I write an abstract for a research paper?",{"path":178,"heading":179},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-consistently-during-a-phd","How do I write consistently during a PhD?",{"path":181,"heading":182},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fai-for-systematic-review-screening","Can I use AI for screening in a systematic review?",{"path":184,"heading":185},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fare-ai-detectors-reliable","Are AI detectors reliable?",{"path":187,"heading":188},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-an-ai-be-an-author","Can an AI tool be listed as an author on a paper?",{"path":190,"heading":191},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-i-use-ai-for-a-literature-review","Can I use AI for a literature review?",{"path":193,"heading":194},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-you-trust-an-ai-summary","Can I trust AI summaries of research papers?",{"path":196,"heading":197},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fdisclose-ai-use-in-a-paper","Do I need to disclose AI use in a research paper?",{"path":199,"heading":200},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fhow-to-cite-chatgpt","How do I cite ChatGPT in APA 7?",{"path":202,"heading":203},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fis-using-chatgpt-plagiarism","Is using ChatGPT for academic writing plagiarism?",{"path":205,"heading":206},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-in-a-phd-thesis","Can I use AI in a PhD thesis?",{"path":208,"heading":209},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-to-write-a-peer-review","Can I use AI to help write a peer review?",{"path":211,"heading":212},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fverify-ai-generated-citations","How do I check whether AI-generated citations are real?",{"path":214,"heading":215},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-ai-answers-better-on-your-own-pdfs","Why does an AI answer better when it reads my own PDFs?",{"path":217,"heading":218},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-chatgpt-invents-references","Why does ChatGPT make up references?",{"path":220,"heading":221},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation","How do I check that every claim in my thesis is supported by its citation?",{"path":223,"heading":224},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original","Should I cite the paper I read or the original study it references?",{"path":226,"heading":227},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcited-source-does-not-say-that","What do I do when a paper's cited source does not support its claim?",{"path":229,"heading":230},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-paper-you-cannot-access","Can I cite a paper I cannot get hold of?",{"path":232,"heading":233},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-review-instead-of-the-original","Is citing a review instead of the original research bad practice?",{"path":235,"heading":236},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fdo-i-need-to-cite-everything","Do I need to cite absolutely everything in a thesis?",{"path":238,"heading":239},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fhow-much-self-citation","How much self-citation is acceptable?",{"path":241,"heading":242},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fjournal-page-number-or-pdf-page-number","Do I use the journal page number or the PDF page number in a citation?",{"path":244,"heading":245},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fquoting-a-source-in-another-language","How do I quote a source in another language in an English thesis?",{"path":247,"heading":248},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fwhere-does-the-citation-go","Where should a citation go when only one clause in a sentence needs support?",{"path":250,"heading":251},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fyou-described-a-result-too-broadly","How do I fix a sentence that describes a study's result too broadly?",{"path":253,"heading":254},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fzotero-or-mendeley","Should I use Zotero or Mendeley for a PhD?",{"path":256,"heading":257},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fbuild-a-synthesis-matrix","How do I build a synthesis matrix when my themes keep changing as I read?",{"path":259,"heading":260},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current","How do I keep a literature review current over a multi-year PhD?",{"path":262,"heading":263},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-synthesis-or-summary","How do I know if my literature review is synthesis or just a summary?",{"path":265,"heading":266},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-too-descriptive","What does it mean when a supervisor says a literature review is too descriptive?",{"path":268,"heading":269},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fnarrative-scoping-or-systematic-review","What is the difference between a narrative literature review and a systematic review?",{"path":271,"heading":272},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Forganize-literature-review-by-argument","How do I organize a literature review by argument instead of by paper?",{"path":274,"heading":275},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Freview-that-leads-to-your-question","How do I write a literature review that leads logically to my research question?",{"path":277,"heading":278},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fscreening-abstracts-for-a-review","How do I screen hundreds of abstracts for a systematic review?",{"path":280,"heading":281},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fstudies-with-opposite-conclusions","What do I write when two studies on the same question reach opposite conclusions?",{"path":283,"heading":284},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsynthesis-matrix-into-paragraphs","How do I turn a synthesis matrix into literature review paragraphs?",{"path":286,"heading":287},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsystematic-review-search-strategy","How do I build a search strategy for a systematic review?",{"path":289,"heading":290},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fwhen-to-stop-searching-for-papers","How do I know when to stop searching for papers for a literature review?",{"path":292,"heading":293},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fdefend-your-methodology-in-a-viva","How do I defend my methodology in a viva?",{"path":295,"heading":296},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fimposter-syndrome-in-a-phd","How do I deal with imposter syndrome during a PhD?",{"path":298,"heading":299},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fplan-a-realistic-phd-timeline","How do I plan a realistic PhD timeline?",{"path":301,"heading":302},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fpostdoc-or-industry","Should I do a postdoc or go to industry after my PhD?",{"path":304,"heading":305},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fprepare-for-a-phd-viva","How do I prepare for a PhD viva?",{"path":307,"heading":308},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fstop-procrastinating-on-your-phd","How do I stop procrastinating on my PhD?",{"path":310,"heading":311},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhat-happens-if-a-viva-goes-badly","What happens if you fail a PhD viva?",{"path":313,"heading":314},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhen-your-supervisor-is-not-supportive","What do I do when my PhD supervisor is not supportive?",{"path":316,"heading":317},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwrite-an-academic-cv","How do I write an academic CV for a postdoc application?",{"path":319,"heading":320},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fchoose-a-journal","How do I choose a journal for my paper?",{"path":322,"heading":323},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fdo-you-pay-to-publish-open-access","Do I have to pay to publish open access?",{"path":325,"heading":326},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-author-order-is-decided","How is author order decided on a paper?",{"path":328,"heading":329},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-peer-review-works","How does journal peer review actually work?",{"path":331,"heading":332},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-to-cite-a-preprint","How do I cite a preprint?",{"path":334,"heading":335},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fjournal-submission-cover-letter","How do I write a cover letter for a journal submission?",{"path":337,"heading":338},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Frespond-to-reviewer-comments","How do I respond to peer reviewer comments?",{"path":340,"heading":341},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fshould-you-post-a-preprint","Should I post my paper as a preprint?",{"path":343,"heading":344},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fspot-a-predatory-journal","How do I tell if a journal is predatory?",{"path":346,"heading":347},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fwhy-papers-get-desk-rejected","Why was my paper desk rejected?",{"path":349,"heading":350},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ffind-the-paper-you-half-remember","How do I find a paper when I only remember the argument it made?",{"path":352,"heading":353},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhighlighting-pdfs-stops-working","Why can I never find my PDF highlights again?",{"path":355,"heading":356},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhow-many-papers-can-you-read-a-day","How many papers can a PhD student realistically read in a day?",{"path":358,"heading":359},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fkeep-up-with-new-papers","How do I keep up with new papers without reading everything?",{"path":361,"heading":362},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnon-english-studies-in-a-review","How do I include non-English studies in a literature review?",{"path":364,"heading":365},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnote-system-takes-too-long","What do I do when my note-taking system takes longer than reading the papers?",{"path":367,"heading":368},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Forganize-100-papers","How do I organize and extract information from more than 100 papers?",{"path":370,"heading":371},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Freading-papers-in-a-second-language","How do I read research papers efficiently when English is my second language?",{"path":373,"heading":374},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fremember-what-a-paper-said","How do I remember what was in papers I read months ago?",{"path":376,"heading":377},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Frestart-a-project-after-months-away","How do I get back into a research project after months away?",{"path":379,"heading":380},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftrack-connections-between-papers","How do I keep track of connections between papers?",{"path":382,"heading":383},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftriage-pdfs-before-reading","How do I triage 200 PDFs before deciding which ones to read in full?",{"path":385,"heading":386},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fanonymize-qualitative-data","How do I anonymize qualitative interview data?",{"path":388,"heading":389},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Ffair-data-principles-in-practice","What are the FAIR data principles?",{"path":391,"heading":392},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Forganize-research-data-files","How do I organize research data files?",{"path":94,"heading":394},"What is preregistration in research?",{"path":396,"heading":397},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwrite-a-data-management-plan","How do I write a data management plan?",{"path":145,"heading":146},{"path":111,"heading":112},{"path":116,"heading":117},{"path":140,"heading":141},{"path":135,"heading":136},{"path":87,"heading":75},{"path":125,"heading":126},{"path":129,"heading":130},{"path":120,"heading":121},{"path":408,"heading":409},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fchoose-a-statistical-test","How do I choose which statistical test to use?",{"path":411,"heading":412},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-many-interviews-is-enough","How many interviews are enough for a qualitative study?",{"path":414,"heading":415},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-to-do-thematic-analysis","How do I do thematic analysis step by step?",{"path":417,"heading":418},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Finductive-or-deductive-coding","What is the difference between inductive and deductive thematic analysis?",{"path":420,"heading":421},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fintegrate-mixed-methods-data","How do I integrate qualitative and quantitative data in a mixed methods study?",{"path":423,"heading":424},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Frigour-in-qualitative-research","How do I show rigour in qualitative research?",{"path":93,"heading":426},"What does a p value actually mean?",{"path":428,"heading":429},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwork-out-your-sample-size","How do I calculate the sample size for a study?",1786014767894]