[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":428},["ShallowReactive",2],{"answers-\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question":3,"answers-cluster-research-gaps":106,"answers-related-\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question":146},{"id":4,"title":5,"answer":6,"body":7,"cluster":69,"description":70,"extension":71,"faq":72,"heading":75,"intro":63,"kind":76,"meta":77,"navigation":78,"order":79,"outbound":80,"path":87,"primaryQuery":88,"product":89,"related":90,"seo":92,"sources":93,"stem":104,"updated":97,"__hash__":105},"answers\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question.md","How to Narrow a Research Question That Is Too Broad","Pick one dimension and cut it hard rather than trimming several a little. Narrowing population, setting, time frame, and mechanism all at once produces a question so specific that nobody else cares. Cutting one dimension decisively keeps the question recognizable to your field.",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":62},"minimark",[10,14,17,20,23,26,29,34,37,40,43,47,50,53,56,59],[11,12,13],"p",{},"Broad questions feel safe because they cannot exclude anything, which is exactly the problem. A question that admits all evidence gives you no basis for deciding what to read, what to collect, or when you are finished. Most of the paralysis that gets described as procrastination in year one is a scoping problem wearing a motivational disguise.",[11,15,16],{},"The instinct when told to narrow is to add qualifiers everywhere. That produces the over-specified question: informal mentoring, among early-career teachers, in rural secondary schools, in one region, during a three-year window, measured by intention to leave. Each qualifier was reasonable and together they define a study nobody was asking for.",[11,18,19],{},"Cutting one dimension decisively works better because the question stays legible. \"Does mentoring affect retention\" becomes \"does mentoring affect retention in the first three years\", and the field can still see what is being asked. The other dimensions remain broad, which keeps the finding transferable, which is what makes it worth publishing.",[11,21,22],{},"Narrowing works better as a sequence than as a single edit. Ratan and colleagues describe starting from the broad subject, doing preliminary reading, writing down what is already known and what is still unknown, then rewriting the general question as progressively more specific ones. Their worked example moves from hormone levels in hypospadias to differences in reproductive hormone levels between children with isolated hypospadias, children with associated anomalies, and a normal population (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 18). The order that produces that result is topic, existing knowledge, missing knowledge, population, variables, outcome.",[11,24,25],{},"Test the narrowed version against feasibility before you commit to it. Ratan and colleagues define feasibility through available subjects, an appropriate method, time, funds, access to people or documents, and the ability to tie your concepts to observable indicators, and they note that a question can look feasible until fieldwork starts (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 15). Their remedies map onto the failure: specify fewer variables when the question is still too broad, reduce subjects or measurements when costs are excessive, collaborate or acquire the skill when the method exceeds what you can do, and consult a supervisor or peers when relevance is the uncertain part (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 16).",[11,27,28],{},"Choose the dimension by asking where the interesting variation lives. If everyone assumes the effect is uniform across settings and you suspect it is not, narrow on setting and say why. The narrowing is then part of the argument rather than a concession to feasibility.",[30,31,33],"h2",{"id":32},"which-parts-of-a-question-can-i-narrow-on","Which parts of a question can I narrow on?",[11,35,36],{},"Six levers. Population, setting, time period, the outcome you measure, the mechanism you examine, and the theoretical lens you apply. Write your question six times, narrowing one lever each time, and compare. The best version is usually obvious once they sit side by side.",[11,38,39],{},"Mechanism is the lever most often overlooked and frequently the most productive. Moving from \"does X affect Y\" to \"does X affect Y through Z\" narrows the question without shrinking who cares about it, because a mechanism claim speaks to everyone studying the relationship.",[11,41,42],{},"Theoretical lens is the lever to use with most caution. Narrowing to one framework can turn a substantive question into an exercise in applying a theory, which is a thinner contribution and harder to defend.",[30,44,46],{"id":45},"how-do-i-know-when-i-have-narrowed-too-far","How do I know when I have narrowed too far?",[11,48,49],{},"When you cannot say who besides your examiners would want the answer, or when the answer is obvious before you collect anything. Both mean the question has stopped being research. Widen the lever you cut last, since that is usually the one cut furthest.",[11,51,52],{},"The clearest sign of over-narrowing is that the question now returns a fact instead of a relationship. Ratan and colleagues contrast \"How much time do young children in Delhi spend doing physical activity per day?\", which produces a statistic, with \"What is the relationship between physical activity levels and childhood obesity?\", which produces something to analyze. They set the opposite boundary with the same pair of examples, where \"What are the effects of protein-energy malnutrition in schoolchildren in New Delhi?\" is unfocused and \"How does protein-energy malnutrition among children affect academic performance in elementary schoolchildren in Delhi?\" names a population and an outcome (Ratan et al., 2019, p. 16). Cut variables and cases that do not serve the central relationship, and stop before the question can be answered with a number or a yes.",[11,54,55],{},"A second symptom is a literature review with nothing in it. If almost no prior work addresses your question, that occasionally signals a genuine gap and much more often signals that you have narrowed past the point where anyone was interested.",[11,57,58],{},"The most useful check is a conversation. Describe the question to a researcher in your field and watch whether they ask a follow-up. Questions worth answering generate questions in return. Over-narrowed ones generate polite agreement.",[11,60,61],{},"What you narrow is the evidence and the analysis, not the significance. Pautasso qualifies the advice to focus by telling authors to balance a narrow scope against broader relevance, and to spell out the implications for neighboring disciplines rather than leaving them implicit (Pautasso, 2013, p. 3). Pautasso also treats the search itself as part of the boundary, recommending that you record your search terms so the search can be repeated, define exclusion criteria early, and read previous reviews alongside primary studies (Pautasso, 2013, p. 1). Write the one-sentence gap statement first, then use it to reject the studies, populations, and periods that do not help you answer it.",{"title":63,"searchDepth":64,"depth":64,"links":65},"",4,[66,68],{"id":32,"depth":67,"text":33},2,{"id":45,"depth":67,"text":46},"research-gaps","How to narrow a research question that is too broad, which parts of a question you can narrow on, and how to tell when you have gone too far the other way.","md",[73,74],{"q":33,"a":36},{"q":46,"a":49},"How do I narrow down a research question that is too broad?","answer",{},true,8,[81,84],{"label":82,"to":83},"Gap finding as a workflow","\u002Fdocs\u002Fresearch-workflows\u002Fgap-finding",{"label":85,"to":86},"The literature review workflow","\u002Fdocs\u002Fresearch-workflows\u002Fliterature-review","\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question","how to narrow down a research question that is too broad",null,[91],"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-many-interviews-is-enough",{"title":5,"description":70},[94,98,101],{"label":95,"url":96,"checked":97},"Ratan et al., Formulation of Research Question - Stepwise Approach, Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons (2019)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.4103\u002Fjiaps.JIAPS_76_18","2026-08-06",{"label":99,"url":100,"checked":97},"Lingard, Writing an effective literature review: Part I: Mapping the gap, Perspectives on Medical Education (2018)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs40037-017-0401-x",{"label":102,"url":103,"checked":97},"Pautasso, Ten Simple Rules for Writing a Literature Review, PLoS Computational Biology (2013)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pcbi.1003149","answers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question","qrg4e5jyhjv3LwhP0ZVWH0VMM89MqdWeUa1Yl4J7j3k",[107,112,116,121,125,130,135,140,141],{"path":108,"heading":109,"description":110,"order":111},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Ffind-a-research-gap","How do I identify a research gap in the literature?","How to identify a research gap in the literature, the different kinds of gap that exist, and how to tell a real one from a topic nobody has bothered to publish on.",1,{"path":113,"heading":114,"description":115,"order":67},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fis-my-research-gap-original","How do I know if my research gap is original?","How to check that a research gap has not already been filled, what to do if someone publishes your idea first, and how thorough the originality check has to be.",{"path":117,"heading":118,"description":119,"order":120},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwrite-a-research-gap-statement","How do I write a research gap statement?","How to write a research gap statement that holds up, which phrasings make a gap sound weak or overclaimed, and how long the statement should actually be.",3,{"path":122,"heading":123,"description":124,"order":64},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fturn-a-topic-into-a-research-question","How do I turn a research topic into a research question?","How to convert a broad research topic into an answerable research question, how narrow it needs to be, and the difference between a question and a research aim.",{"path":126,"heading":127,"description":128,"order":129},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question","What makes a good research question in a PhD thesis?","What separates a doctoral research question from a masters one, how many questions a thesis should have, and whether sub-questions should map onto chapters.",5,{"path":131,"heading":132,"description":133,"order":134},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis","What is the difference between a research question and a hypothesis?","The difference between a research question and a hypothesis, whether a qualitative study can have one, and when a project genuinely needs both.",6,{"path":136,"heading":137,"description":138,"order":139},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-changed-mid-phd","Can a research question change during a PhD?","Whether a research question can change during a PhD, how to justify the change to a supervisor or committee, and what happens to work built on the old question.",7,{"path":87,"heading":75,"description":70,"order":79},{"path":142,"heading":143,"description":144,"order":145},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fchoose-a-theoretical-framework","How do I choose a theoretical framework for my thesis?","How to choose a theoretical framework for a thesis, the difference between a theoretical and a conceptual framework, and whether you can use more than one.",9,[147,150,153,156,159,162,165,168,171,174,177,180,183,186,189,192,195,198,201,204,207,210,213,216,219,222,225,228,231,234,237,240,243,246,249,252,255,258,261,264,267,270,273,276,279,282,285,288,291,294,297,300,303,306,309,312,315,318,321,324,327,330,333,336,339,342,345,348,351,354,357,360,363,366,369,372,375,378,381,384,387,390,393,396,397,398,399,400,401,402,403,404,405,408,410,413,416,419,422,425],{"path":148,"heading":149},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fdraft-without-stopping-for-citations","How do I draft when I keep stopping to look up citations?",{"path":151,"heading":152},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fhow-long-should-a-literature-review-chapter-be","How long should a literature review chapter be?",{"path":154,"heading":155},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fparaphrase-without-plagiarizing","How do I paraphrase a source without plagiarizing?",{"path":157,"heading":158},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fstructure-a-phd-thesis","How do I structure a PhD thesis chapter by chapter?",{"path":160,"heading":161},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fthesis-by-publication-or-monograph","Should I do a thesis by publication or a monograph?",{"path":163,"heading":164},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-discussion-section","How do I write a discussion section without repeating the results?",{"path":166,"heading":167},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-methodology-chapter","How do I write a methodology chapter?",{"path":169,"heading":170},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-thesis-introduction","How do I write a thesis introduction?",{"path":172,"heading":173},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-an-abstract","How do I write an abstract for a research paper?",{"path":175,"heading":176},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-consistently-during-a-phd","How do I write consistently during a PhD?",{"path":178,"heading":179},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fai-for-systematic-review-screening","Can I use AI for screening in a systematic review?",{"path":181,"heading":182},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fare-ai-detectors-reliable","Are AI detectors reliable?",{"path":184,"heading":185},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-an-ai-be-an-author","Can an AI tool be listed as an author on a paper?",{"path":187,"heading":188},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-i-use-ai-for-a-literature-review","Can I use AI for a literature review?",{"path":190,"heading":191},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-you-trust-an-ai-summary","Can I trust AI summaries of research papers?",{"path":193,"heading":194},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fdisclose-ai-use-in-a-paper","Do I need to disclose AI use in a research paper?",{"path":196,"heading":197},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fhow-to-cite-chatgpt","How do I cite ChatGPT in APA 7?",{"path":199,"heading":200},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fis-using-chatgpt-plagiarism","Is using ChatGPT for academic writing plagiarism?",{"path":202,"heading":203},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-in-a-phd-thesis","Can I use AI in a PhD thesis?",{"path":205,"heading":206},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-to-write-a-peer-review","Can I use AI to help write a peer review?",{"path":208,"heading":209},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fverify-ai-generated-citations","How do I check whether AI-generated citations are real?",{"path":211,"heading":212},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-ai-answers-better-on-your-own-pdfs","Why does an AI answer better when it reads my own PDFs?",{"path":214,"heading":215},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-chatgpt-invents-references","Why does ChatGPT make up references?",{"path":217,"heading":218},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation","How do I check that every claim in my thesis is supported by its citation?",{"path":220,"heading":221},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original","Should I cite the paper I read or the original study it references?",{"path":223,"heading":224},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcited-source-does-not-say-that","What do I do when a paper's cited source does not support its claim?",{"path":226,"heading":227},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-paper-you-cannot-access","Can I cite a paper I cannot get hold of?",{"path":229,"heading":230},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-review-instead-of-the-original","Is citing a review instead of the original research bad practice?",{"path":232,"heading":233},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fdo-i-need-to-cite-everything","Do I need to cite absolutely everything in a thesis?",{"path":235,"heading":236},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fhow-much-self-citation","How much self-citation is acceptable?",{"path":238,"heading":239},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fjournal-page-number-or-pdf-page-number","Do I use the journal page number or the PDF page number in a citation?",{"path":241,"heading":242},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fquoting-a-source-in-another-language","How do I quote a source in another language in an English thesis?",{"path":244,"heading":245},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fwhere-does-the-citation-go","Where should a citation go when only one clause in a sentence needs support?",{"path":247,"heading":248},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fyou-described-a-result-too-broadly","How do I fix a sentence that describes a study's result too broadly?",{"path":250,"heading":251},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fzotero-or-mendeley","Should I use Zotero or Mendeley for a PhD?",{"path":253,"heading":254},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fbuild-a-synthesis-matrix","How do I build a synthesis matrix when my themes keep changing as I read?",{"path":256,"heading":257},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current","How do I keep a literature review current over a multi-year PhD?",{"path":259,"heading":260},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-synthesis-or-summary","How do I know if my literature review is synthesis or just a summary?",{"path":262,"heading":263},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-too-descriptive","What does it mean when a supervisor says a literature review is too descriptive?",{"path":265,"heading":266},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fnarrative-scoping-or-systematic-review","What is the difference between a narrative literature review and a systematic review?",{"path":268,"heading":269},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Forganize-literature-review-by-argument","How do I organize a literature review by argument instead of by paper?",{"path":271,"heading":272},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Freview-that-leads-to-your-question","How do I write a literature review that leads logically to my research question?",{"path":274,"heading":275},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fscreening-abstracts-for-a-review","How do I screen hundreds of abstracts for a systematic review?",{"path":277,"heading":278},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fstudies-with-opposite-conclusions","What do I write when two studies on the same question reach opposite conclusions?",{"path":280,"heading":281},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsynthesis-matrix-into-paragraphs","How do I turn a synthesis matrix into literature review paragraphs?",{"path":283,"heading":284},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsystematic-review-search-strategy","How do I build a search strategy for a systematic review?",{"path":286,"heading":287},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fwhen-to-stop-searching-for-papers","How do I know when to stop searching for papers for a literature review?",{"path":289,"heading":290},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fdefend-your-methodology-in-a-viva","How do I defend my methodology in a viva?",{"path":292,"heading":293},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fimposter-syndrome-in-a-phd","How do I deal with imposter syndrome during a PhD?",{"path":295,"heading":296},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fplan-a-realistic-phd-timeline","How do I plan a realistic PhD timeline?",{"path":298,"heading":299},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fpostdoc-or-industry","Should I do a postdoc or go to industry after my PhD?",{"path":301,"heading":302},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fprepare-for-a-phd-viva","How do I prepare for a PhD viva?",{"path":304,"heading":305},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fstop-procrastinating-on-your-phd","How do I stop procrastinating on my PhD?",{"path":307,"heading":308},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhat-happens-if-a-viva-goes-badly","What happens if you fail a PhD viva?",{"path":310,"heading":311},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhen-your-supervisor-is-not-supportive","What do I do when my PhD supervisor is not supportive?",{"path":313,"heading":314},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwrite-an-academic-cv","How do I write an academic CV for a postdoc application?",{"path":316,"heading":317},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fchoose-a-journal","How do I choose a journal for my paper?",{"path":319,"heading":320},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fdo-you-pay-to-publish-open-access","Do I have to pay to publish open access?",{"path":322,"heading":323},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-author-order-is-decided","How is author order decided on a paper?",{"path":325,"heading":326},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-peer-review-works","How does journal peer review actually work?",{"path":328,"heading":329},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-to-cite-a-preprint","How do I cite a preprint?",{"path":331,"heading":332},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fjournal-submission-cover-letter","How do I write a cover letter for a journal submission?",{"path":334,"heading":335},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Frespond-to-reviewer-comments","How do I respond to peer reviewer comments?",{"path":337,"heading":338},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fshould-you-post-a-preprint","Should I post my paper as a preprint?",{"path":340,"heading":341},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fspot-a-predatory-journal","How do I tell if a journal is predatory?",{"path":343,"heading":344},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fwhy-papers-get-desk-rejected","Why was my paper desk rejected?",{"path":346,"heading":347},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ffind-the-paper-you-half-remember","How do I find a paper when I only remember the argument it made?",{"path":349,"heading":350},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhighlighting-pdfs-stops-working","Why can I never find my PDF highlights again?",{"path":352,"heading":353},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhow-many-papers-can-you-read-a-day","How many papers can a PhD student realistically read in a day?",{"path":355,"heading":356},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fkeep-up-with-new-papers","How do I keep up with new papers without reading everything?",{"path":358,"heading":359},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnon-english-studies-in-a-review","How do I include non-English studies in a literature review?",{"path":361,"heading":362},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnote-system-takes-too-long","What do I do when my note-taking system takes longer than reading the papers?",{"path":364,"heading":365},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Forganize-100-papers","How do I organize and extract information from more than 100 papers?",{"path":367,"heading":368},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Freading-papers-in-a-second-language","How do I read research papers efficiently when English is my second language?",{"path":370,"heading":371},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fremember-what-a-paper-said","How do I remember what was in papers I read months ago?",{"path":373,"heading":374},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Frestart-a-project-after-months-away","How do I get back into a research project after months away?",{"path":376,"heading":377},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftrack-connections-between-papers","How do I keep track of connections between papers?",{"path":379,"heading":380},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftriage-pdfs-before-reading","How do I triage 200 PDFs before deciding which ones to read in full?",{"path":382,"heading":383},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fanonymize-qualitative-data","How do I anonymize qualitative interview data?",{"path":385,"heading":386},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Ffair-data-principles-in-practice","What are the FAIR data principles?",{"path":388,"heading":389},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Forganize-research-data-files","How do I organize research data files?",{"path":391,"heading":392},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwhat-preregistration-is","What is preregistration in research?",{"path":394,"heading":395},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwrite-a-data-management-plan","How do I write a data management plan?",{"path":142,"heading":143},{"path":108,"heading":109},{"path":113,"heading":114},{"path":87,"heading":75},{"path":136,"heading":137},{"path":131,"heading":132},{"path":122,"heading":123},{"path":126,"heading":127},{"path":117,"heading":118},{"path":406,"heading":407},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fchoose-a-statistical-test","How do I choose which statistical test to use?",{"path":91,"heading":409},"How many interviews are enough for a qualitative study?",{"path":411,"heading":412},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-to-do-thematic-analysis","How do I do thematic analysis step by step?",{"path":414,"heading":415},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Finductive-or-deductive-coding","What is the difference between inductive and deductive thematic analysis?",{"path":417,"heading":418},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fintegrate-mixed-methods-data","How do I integrate qualitative and quantitative data in a mixed methods study?",{"path":420,"heading":421},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Frigour-in-qualitative-research","How do I show rigour in qualitative research?",{"path":423,"heading":424},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwhat-a-p-value-means","What does a p value actually mean?",{"path":426,"heading":427},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwork-out-your-sample-size","How do I calculate the sample size for a study?",1786014767910]