[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":440},["ShallowReactive",2],{"answers-\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current":3,"answers-cluster-literature-review":110,"answers-related-\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current":165},{"id":4,"title":5,"answer":6,"body":7,"cluster":69,"description":70,"extension":71,"faq":72,"heading":75,"intro":63,"kind":76,"meta":77,"navigation":78,"order":79,"outbound":80,"path":87,"primaryQuery":88,"product":89,"related":93,"seo":96,"sources":97,"stem":108,"updated":101,"__hash__":109},"answers\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current.md","Keeping a Literature Review Current for Four Years","Separate the structure from the contents. Your chapter's argument should be stable for years, while the studies supporting each part of it change. Maintain the evidence as a living list you add to continuously, and rewrite prose only when a new paper changes a claim rather than merely supports it.",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":62},"minimark",[10,14,17,20,23,26,31,34,37,40,43,47,50,53,56,59],[11,12,13],"p",{},"The chapter you write in year one is a chapter about a field that no longer exists by year four. This is normal and it is not a reason to delay writing it. What it does mean is that the chapter should be built so that updating it is cheap, and most review chapters are not.",[11,15,16],{},"The expensive version keeps everything in the prose. When a relevant paper appears, you have to find the paragraph it belongs to, work out what the paragraph currently claims, decide whether the new work changes it, and rewrite. Three years of that, and updating feels like starting over, which is why so many people put it off until it is genuinely a rewrite.",[11,18,19],{},"The cheap version keeps the evidence outside the prose, in a list, matrix, or map that you add to as you read. New paper, new rows, tagged to the claims it touches, taking about two minutes. The prose is regenerated from the evidence when a claim actually changes. Most new papers will not change a claim, and this structure makes that visible instead of hiding it.",[11,21,22],{},"There is a psychological benefit too. Adding a row is a small enough action to do on a bad day, so the review stays current through the periods when writing has stopped. A chapter that is only updated during writing sprints goes stale between them.",[11,24,25],{},"This approach has a formal counterpart. Elliott and colleagues describe the living systematic review, a continuously maintained search whose results feed ongoing study identification, quality assessment, data extraction, analysis, and reporting, and they argue that it replaces sporadic and exhausting update efforts with moderate ongoing contributions (Elliott et al., 2014, pp. 2-3). They wrote it for fast-moving health evidence, so if your field publishes slowly, take the continuous intake and lower the frequency. They also caution that reanalysing a synthesis every time new data arrives inflates false-positive findings and produces unstable early effect estimates (Elliott et al., 2014, p. 3), which is a second reason to add rows often and rewrite conclusions rarely.",[27,28,30],"h2",{"id":29},"how-often-should-i-rerun-my-literature-searches","How often should I rerun my literature searches?",[11,32,33],{},"Twice a year for the whole search, and continuously through alerts for your five or six central works. A full rerun every month costs more attention than it returns, and once a year lets a field move without you noticing until the writing-up stage.",[11,35,36],{},"The continuous half is the more valuable one. Forward-citation alerts on your key works catch the papers that engage directly with what your argument depends on, which is a much better signal than a keyword alert that returns everything sharing a term with your topic.",[11,38,39],{},"Keep the search log from your original strategy and rerun the same strings with a date restriction. That takes minutes rather than hours, produces a manageable result set, and gives you a defensible sentence for the methods section about when coverage ends.",[11,41,42],{},"Write down what you searched while you are searching. Pautasso's rules for a literature review include keeping a record of the exact search terms and databases used, adopting a reference-management system from the start, defining exclusion criteria, keeping a list of papers you could not access so you can retrieve them later, and searching earlier reviews as well as primary studies (Pautasso, 2013, p. 1). Pautasso also recommends varying your keywords across several sources, naming Google Scholar, JSTOR, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, and tracing citations out of the papers and book chapters you already hold (Pautasso, 2013, p. 2).",[27,44,46],{"id":45},"how-do-i-update-a-review-chapter-six-months-before-submission","How do I update a review chapter six months before submission?",[11,48,49],{},"Run the full search once, screen only for papers that would change a claim rather than add to it, and mark those. Most recent work will support what you already wrote and needs a citation at most. Give real revision time only to results that contradict or supersede something in the chapter.",[11,51,52],{},"The screening question is narrow on purpose: would the chapter say something different if this paper existed when I wrote it? For the large majority the answer is no, and the honest response is to add the citation to an existing sentence and move on.",[11,54,55],{},"Resist the pull to add a \"recent developments\" section at the end. It reads as an afterthought and it separates new evidence from the claim it bears on. Put each new work where its claim already lives, even when that means touching six paragraphs instead of writing one.",[11,57,58],{},"Two more things belong in that final pass. Pautasso notes that publication and database-indexing delays can leave a review out of date by the time it appears, so Pautasso recommends monitoring electronic lists of papers in press and repeating the search at the revision stage, while warning that very recent studies are hard to judge because there is not yet evidence of their significance or influence (Pautasso, 2013, pp. 3-4). The tenth rule is to be up to date without forgetting older studies (Pautasso, 2013, p. 3), so the update pass should protect foundational work rather than crowd it out with whatever appeared last year.",[11,60,61],{},"Refresh the methods as well as the reference list. Mayhew, Kabir, and Ansari report that only about 20% of Cochrane reviews were updated every two years, and that of the more than 400 reviews updated in 2014, over 75% had originally been published before January 2011, which left their included studies needing reassessment with newer risk-of-bias methods (Mayhew et al., 2015, pp. 1-2). Their recommendation is to update the appraisal approach itself, not only to add new papers (Mayhew et al., 2015, p. 5). For a chapter written across four years, that means recording which appraisal framework and synthesis decisions you applied at each stage, not just the date of your last search.",{"title":63,"searchDepth":64,"depth":64,"links":65},"",4,[66,68],{"id":29,"depth":67,"text":30},2,{"id":45,"depth":67,"text":46},"literature-review","How to stop a review chapter going stale across a long PhD, how often to rerun searches, and how to update the chapter before submission without rewriting it.","md",[73,74],{"q":30,"a":33},{"q":46,"a":49},"How do I keep a literature review current over a multi-year PhD?","answer",{},true,8,[81,84],{"label":82,"to":83},"The literature review workflow","\u002Fdocs\u002Fresearch-workflows\u002Fliterature-review",{"label":85,"to":86},"Knowledge bases and what goes in them","\u002Fdocs\u002Fcore-concepts\u002Fknowledge-bases","\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current","how to keep a literature review current over a multi year phd",{"text":90,"to":91,"label":92},"In Agent Bayes the map is the thing you keep rather than the draft. New papers go into the library and you ask the agent to extend or revise the branch they affect, which leaves the rest of the structure untouched. Version history records what changed, so you can see how an argument evolved.","\u002Fdocs\u002Fworking-with-the-agent\u002Fversion-history-and-provenance","How version history records changes",[94,95],"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fkeep-up-with-new-papers","\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-to-cite-a-preprint",{"title":5,"description":70},[98,102,105],{"label":99,"url":100,"checked":101},"Elliott et al., Living systematic reviews: an emerging opportunity to narrow the evidence-practice gap, PLoS Medicine (2014)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pmed.1001603","2026-08-06",{"label":103,"url":104,"checked":101},"Mayhew et al., Considerations from the risk of bias perspective for updating Cochrane reviews, Systematic Reviews (2015)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1186\u002Fs13643-015-0122-3",{"label":106,"url":107,"checked":101},"Pautasso, Ten Simple Rules for Writing a Literature Review, PLoS Computational Biology (2013)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pcbi.1003149","answers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current","FSm5WBoli67jTSWcLtXlIyAX3vXt5eEYSK8IMc-xbkU",[111,116,120,125,129,134,139,144,145,150,155,160],{"path":112,"heading":113,"description":114,"order":115},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-synthesis-or-summary","How do I know if my literature review is synthesis or just a summary?","How to tell a summarizing literature review from a synthesizing one, what a synthesis paragraph actually looks like, and how to rebuild a chapter that lists authors.",1,{"path":117,"heading":118,"description":119,"order":67},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fstudies-with-opposite-conclusions","What do I write when two studies on the same question reach opposite conclusions?","What to write when the evidence contradicts itself, whether the disagreement belongs in the review or the discussion, and how to analyze it without picking a winner.",{"path":121,"heading":122,"description":123,"order":124},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Forganize-literature-review-by-argument","How do I organize a literature review by argument instead of by paper?","How to structure a review chapter around claims instead of sources, how to find the themes when every paper looks different, and whether to order it thematically.",3,{"path":126,"heading":127,"description":128,"order":64},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fwhen-to-stop-searching-for-papers","How do I know when to stop searching for papers for a literature review?","How to know your literature search is finished, how many papers a review actually needs, and what stopping rule you can defend in a methods section.",{"path":130,"heading":131,"description":132,"order":133},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fbuild-a-synthesis-matrix","How do I build a synthesis matrix when my themes keep changing as I read?","How to build a literature synthesis matrix when your themes keep changing, which way round the rows and columns go, and how much to write in each cell.",5,{"path":135,"heading":136,"description":137,"order":138},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsynthesis-matrix-into-paragraphs","How do I turn a synthesis matrix into literature review paragraphs?","How to get from a completed synthesis matrix to written literature review paragraphs, the shape of a good synthesis paragraph, and how many sources belong in one.",6,{"path":140,"heading":141,"description":142,"order":143},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-too-descriptive","What does it mean when a supervisor says a literature review is too descriptive?","What supervisors mean when they call a literature review too descriptive, how to add critique without inserting opinion, and which sentences signal analysis.",7,{"path":87,"heading":75,"description":70,"order":79},{"path":146,"heading":147,"description":148,"order":149},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fnarrative-scoping-or-systematic-review","What is the difference between a narrative literature review and a systematic review?","The real difference between a narrative literature review and a systematic review, when a scoping review fits better, and whether a thesis chapter needs PRISMA.",9,{"path":151,"heading":152,"description":153,"order":154},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsystematic-review-search-strategy","How do I build a search strategy for a systematic review?","How to build a systematic review search strategy, how to decide which databases to search, and how to document a search so another researcher could repeat it.",10,{"path":156,"heading":157,"description":158,"order":159},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fscreening-abstracts-for-a-review","How do I screen hundreds of abstracts for a systematic review?","How to screen hundreds of abstracts for a review, what makes an inclusion criterion usable, and what to do when two screeners disagree about a paper.",11,{"path":161,"heading":162,"description":163,"order":164},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Freview-that-leads-to-your-question","How do I write a literature review that leads logically to my research question?","How to write a literature review that arrives at your research question, how to show a gap without dismissing other people's work, and where the gap statement goes.",12,[166,169,172,175,178,181,184,187,190,193,196,199,202,205,208,211,214,217,220,223,226,229,232,235,238,241,244,247,250,253,256,259,262,265,268,271,272,273,274,275,276,277,278,279,280,281,282,283,286,289,292,295,298,301,304,307,310,313,316,319,322,324,327,330,333,336,339,342,345,348,350,353,356,359,362,365,368,371,374,377,380,383,386,389,392,395,398,401,404,407,410,413,416,419,422,425,428,431,434,437],{"path":167,"heading":168},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fdraft-without-stopping-for-citations","How do I draft when I keep stopping to look up citations?",{"path":170,"heading":171},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fhow-long-should-a-literature-review-chapter-be","How long should a literature review chapter be?",{"path":173,"heading":174},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fparaphrase-without-plagiarizing","How do I paraphrase a source without plagiarizing?",{"path":176,"heading":177},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fstructure-a-phd-thesis","How do I structure a PhD thesis chapter by chapter?",{"path":179,"heading":180},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fthesis-by-publication-or-monograph","Should I do a thesis by publication or a monograph?",{"path":182,"heading":183},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-discussion-section","How do I write a discussion section without repeating the results?",{"path":185,"heading":186},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-methodology-chapter","How do I write a methodology chapter?",{"path":188,"heading":189},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-thesis-introduction","How do I write a thesis introduction?",{"path":191,"heading":192},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-an-abstract","How do I write an abstract for a research paper?",{"path":194,"heading":195},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-consistently-during-a-phd","How do I write consistently during a PhD?",{"path":197,"heading":198},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fai-for-systematic-review-screening","Can I use AI for screening in a systematic review?",{"path":200,"heading":201},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fare-ai-detectors-reliable","Are AI detectors reliable?",{"path":203,"heading":204},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-an-ai-be-an-author","Can an AI tool be listed as an author on a paper?",{"path":206,"heading":207},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-i-use-ai-for-a-literature-review","Can I use AI for a literature review?",{"path":209,"heading":210},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-you-trust-an-ai-summary","Can I trust AI summaries of research papers?",{"path":212,"heading":213},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fdisclose-ai-use-in-a-paper","Do I need to disclose AI use in a research paper?",{"path":215,"heading":216},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fhow-to-cite-chatgpt","How do I cite ChatGPT in APA 7?",{"path":218,"heading":219},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fis-using-chatgpt-plagiarism","Is using ChatGPT for academic writing plagiarism?",{"path":221,"heading":222},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-in-a-phd-thesis","Can I use AI in a PhD thesis?",{"path":224,"heading":225},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-to-write-a-peer-review","Can I use AI to help write a peer review?",{"path":227,"heading":228},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fverify-ai-generated-citations","How do I check whether AI-generated citations are real?",{"path":230,"heading":231},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-ai-answers-better-on-your-own-pdfs","Why does an AI answer better when it reads my own PDFs?",{"path":233,"heading":234},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-chatgpt-invents-references","Why does ChatGPT make up references?",{"path":236,"heading":237},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation","How do I check that every claim in my thesis is supported by its citation?",{"path":239,"heading":240},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original","Should I cite the paper I read or the original study it references?",{"path":242,"heading":243},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcited-source-does-not-say-that","What do I do when a paper's cited source does not support its claim?",{"path":245,"heading":246},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-paper-you-cannot-access","Can I cite a paper I cannot get hold of?",{"path":248,"heading":249},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-review-instead-of-the-original","Is citing a review instead of the original research bad practice?",{"path":251,"heading":252},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fdo-i-need-to-cite-everything","Do I need to cite absolutely everything in a thesis?",{"path":254,"heading":255},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fhow-much-self-citation","How much self-citation is acceptable?",{"path":257,"heading":258},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fjournal-page-number-or-pdf-page-number","Do I use the journal page number or the PDF page number in a citation?",{"path":260,"heading":261},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fquoting-a-source-in-another-language","How do I quote a source in another language in an English thesis?",{"path":263,"heading":264},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fwhere-does-the-citation-go","Where should a citation go when only one clause in a sentence needs support?",{"path":266,"heading":267},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fyou-described-a-result-too-broadly","How do I fix a sentence that describes a study's result too broadly?",{"path":269,"heading":270},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fzotero-or-mendeley","Should I use Zotero or Mendeley for a PhD?",{"path":130,"heading":131},{"path":87,"heading":75},{"path":112,"heading":113},{"path":140,"heading":141},{"path":146,"heading":147},{"path":121,"heading":122},{"path":161,"heading":162},{"path":156,"heading":157},{"path":117,"heading":118},{"path":135,"heading":136},{"path":151,"heading":152},{"path":126,"heading":127},{"path":284,"heading":285},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fdefend-your-methodology-in-a-viva","How do I defend my methodology in a viva?",{"path":287,"heading":288},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fimposter-syndrome-in-a-phd","How do I deal with imposter syndrome during a PhD?",{"path":290,"heading":291},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fplan-a-realistic-phd-timeline","How do I plan a realistic PhD timeline?",{"path":293,"heading":294},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fpostdoc-or-industry","Should I do a postdoc or go to industry after my PhD?",{"path":296,"heading":297},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fprepare-for-a-phd-viva","How do I prepare for a PhD viva?",{"path":299,"heading":300},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fstop-procrastinating-on-your-phd","How do I stop procrastinating on my PhD?",{"path":302,"heading":303},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhat-happens-if-a-viva-goes-badly","What happens if you fail a PhD viva?",{"path":305,"heading":306},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhen-your-supervisor-is-not-supportive","What do I do when my PhD supervisor is not supportive?",{"path":308,"heading":309},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwrite-an-academic-cv","How do I write an academic CV for a postdoc application?",{"path":311,"heading":312},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fchoose-a-journal","How do I choose a journal for my paper?",{"path":314,"heading":315},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fdo-you-pay-to-publish-open-access","Do I have to pay to publish open access?",{"path":317,"heading":318},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-author-order-is-decided","How is author order decided on a paper?",{"path":320,"heading":321},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-peer-review-works","How does journal peer review actually work?",{"path":95,"heading":323},"How do I cite a preprint?",{"path":325,"heading":326},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fjournal-submission-cover-letter","How do I write a cover letter for a journal submission?",{"path":328,"heading":329},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Frespond-to-reviewer-comments","How do I respond to peer reviewer comments?",{"path":331,"heading":332},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fshould-you-post-a-preprint","Should I post my paper as a preprint?",{"path":334,"heading":335},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fspot-a-predatory-journal","How do I tell if a journal is predatory?",{"path":337,"heading":338},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fwhy-papers-get-desk-rejected","Why was my paper desk rejected?",{"path":340,"heading":341},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ffind-the-paper-you-half-remember","How do I find a paper when I only remember the argument it made?",{"path":343,"heading":344},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhighlighting-pdfs-stops-working","Why can I never find my PDF highlights again?",{"path":346,"heading":347},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhow-many-papers-can-you-read-a-day","How many papers can a PhD student realistically read in a day?",{"path":94,"heading":349},"How do I keep up with new papers without reading everything?",{"path":351,"heading":352},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnon-english-studies-in-a-review","How do I include non-English studies in a literature review?",{"path":354,"heading":355},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnote-system-takes-too-long","What do I do when my note-taking system takes longer than reading the papers?",{"path":357,"heading":358},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Forganize-100-papers","How do I organize and extract information from more than 100 papers?",{"path":360,"heading":361},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Freading-papers-in-a-second-language","How do I read research papers efficiently when English is my second language?",{"path":363,"heading":364},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fremember-what-a-paper-said","How do I remember what was in papers I read months ago?",{"path":366,"heading":367},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Frestart-a-project-after-months-away","How do I get back into a research project after months away?",{"path":369,"heading":370},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftrack-connections-between-papers","How do I keep track of connections between papers?",{"path":372,"heading":373},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftriage-pdfs-before-reading","How do I triage 200 PDFs before deciding which ones to read in full?",{"path":375,"heading":376},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fanonymize-qualitative-data","How do I anonymize qualitative interview data?",{"path":378,"heading":379},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Ffair-data-principles-in-practice","What are the FAIR data principles?",{"path":381,"heading":382},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Forganize-research-data-files","How do I organize research data files?",{"path":384,"heading":385},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwhat-preregistration-is","What is preregistration in research?",{"path":387,"heading":388},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwrite-a-data-management-plan","How do I write a data management plan?",{"path":390,"heading":391},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fchoose-a-theoretical-framework","How do I choose a theoretical framework for my thesis?",{"path":393,"heading":394},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Ffind-a-research-gap","How do I identify a research gap in the literature?",{"path":396,"heading":397},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fis-my-research-gap-original","How do I know if my research gap is original?",{"path":399,"heading":400},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question","How do I narrow down a research question that is too broad?",{"path":402,"heading":403},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-changed-mid-phd","Can a research question change during a PhD?",{"path":405,"heading":406},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis","What is the difference between a research question and a hypothesis?",{"path":408,"heading":409},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fturn-a-topic-into-a-research-question","How do I turn a research topic into a research question?",{"path":411,"heading":412},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question","What makes a good research question in a PhD thesis?",{"path":414,"heading":415},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwrite-a-research-gap-statement","How do I write a research gap statement?",{"path":417,"heading":418},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fchoose-a-statistical-test","How do I choose which statistical test to use?",{"path":420,"heading":421},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-many-interviews-is-enough","How many interviews are enough for a qualitative study?",{"path":423,"heading":424},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-to-do-thematic-analysis","How do I do thematic analysis step by step?",{"path":426,"heading":427},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Finductive-or-deductive-coding","What is the difference between inductive and deductive thematic analysis?",{"path":429,"heading":430},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fintegrate-mixed-methods-data","How do I integrate qualitative and quantitative data in a mixed methods study?",{"path":432,"heading":433},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Frigour-in-qualitative-research","How do I show rigour in qualitative research?",{"path":435,"heading":436},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwhat-a-p-value-means","What does a p value actually mean?",{"path":438,"heading":439},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwork-out-your-sample-size","How do I calculate the sample size for a study?",1786014767659]