[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":433},["ShallowReactive",2],{"answers-\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original":3,"answers-cluster-citations":103,"answers-related-\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original":158},{"id":4,"title":5,"answer":6,"body":7,"cluster":63,"description":64,"extension":65,"faq":66,"heading":69,"intro":57,"kind":70,"meta":71,"navigation":72,"order":73,"outbound":74,"path":81,"primaryQuery":82,"product":83,"related":86,"seo":89,"sources":90,"stem":101,"updated":94,"__hash__":102},"answers\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original.md","Cite the Paper You Read, or the One It Cites?","Cite what you read. If the claim comes from an original study you have not opened, either find and read it, or cite it as reported in the source you did read. Citing a paper you have not seen, as though you had, is the single most common citation error in graduate writing.",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":56},"minimark",[10,14,17,20,23,26,31,34,37,40,43,47,50,53],[11,12,13],"p",{},"The temptation is understandable. You read a review, it reports a striking finding from 1987, and citing the 1987 paper looks better than citing the review. It is also a claim about your own work that is not true: you are telling a reader that you consulted a source you did not.",[11,15,16],{},"The practical risk is not embarrassment, it is accuracy. Second-hand claims degrade. A reviewer summarizing a study compresses it, drops conditions, and occasionally gets it wrong, and if you copy that summary you inherit the error with your name on it. This is how a mistake propagates through a literature, each citation copying the last, until the claim in circulation is not what the original paper said.",[11,18,19],{},"The rate at which this happens is measurable. A systematic review and meta-analysis of quotation accuracy in medical journals put the pooled estimate of total quotation errors at 25.4%, split into 11.9% major errors and 11.5% minor errors (Jergas and Baethge, 2015, p. 11). The same review names three specific costs of citing a source through an intermediary: the evidentiary path becomes harder for a reader to follow, errors propagate through successive summaries, and credit for an idea shifts to the review author who summarized it (Jergas and Baethge, 2015, p. 12).",[11,21,22],{},"There is also a citation-copying problem worth knowing about. If a paper cites a source for a claim, and you cite the same source for the same claim without checking, you have no independent knowledge that the source supports it. The chain looks like corroboration and is a single link repeated. An analysis of one citation network traced 242 papers, 675 citations, and 220,553 citation paths around a claim about β amyloid in inclusion body myositis, and found that supportive primary papers took 94% of 214 citations while the six papers whose data weakened or refuted the claim took 6% (Greenberg, 2009, pp. 1-3). In one case a primary paper reported no β amyloid precursor protein or β amyloid in three of five patients and only a few fibres in the other two, and three later papers described that result as confirmation (Greenberg, 2009, p. 3).",[11,24,25],{},"So the default is: get the original. Most of the time this takes fifteen minutes through your library, and often it is worth it for reasons beyond correctness, since the original usually contains more than the summary conveyed.",[27,28,30],"h2",{"id":29},"when-is-an-as-cited-in-citation-acceptable","When is an \"as cited in\" citation acceptable?",[11,32,33],{},"When the original is genuinely unobtainable: out of print, in an archive you cannot reach, in a language nobody available reads, or lost. Inconvenience does not qualify. If your library can request it through interlibrary loan in two weeks, that is the correct route.",[11,35,36],{},"Older sources are where this genuinely applies. A 1930s monograph held by four libraries worldwide, or an unpublished report cited by everyone and archived nowhere, are real cases, and the secondary citation is the honest option.",[11,38,39],{},"Use it sparingly. A chapter with several second-hand citations tells an examiner that the literature was read through intermediaries, and it invites exactly the question you would rather not be asked.",[11,41,42],{},"The literature does not treat every indirect reference as a fault. Jergas and Baethge qualify their own warning, noting that citing a review is legitimate when that review used a systematic search and stronger methods to evaluate and summarize the studies it covers (Jergas and Baethge, 2015, p. 12). That gives you a working test. Ask what you are crediting the source for. Penders argues that a source should receive credit for its exact contribution rather than simply be included somewhere in your list, and that an argumentative citation should make clear whether the cited findings support or oppose your claim (Penders, 2018, pp. 2-3). If the contribution you are using is the review's comparison, method, or judgment, cite the review. If it is a number or a result from the 1987 study, that is what you need to open.",[27,44,46],{"id":45},"do-both-sources-go-in-the-reference-list","Do both sources go in the reference list?",[11,48,49],{},"In APA, only the source you read. The original appears in the in-text citation as \"Fenton, 1987, as cited in Alvarez, 2022\" and Alvarez alone goes in the list. Other styles differ, so check yours, but the principle holds everywhere: your reference list is what you consulted.",[11,51,52],{},"The logic is that a reference list is a record of what you used, so a reader can retrace your steps. Listing a work you never opened breaks that record, and it also inflates the list in a way that is easy to detect.",[11,54,55],{},"Check your style guide's current edition rather than a summary of it, since the handling of indirect citations is one of the details that changes between editions and between the guide and the versions repeated on the web.",{"title":57,"searchDepth":58,"depth":58,"links":59},"",4,[60,62],{"id":29,"depth":61,"text":30},2,{"id":45,"depth":61,"text":46},"citations","Whether to cite the paper you actually read or the original study it references, when an as cited in citation is acceptable, and what goes in the reference list.","md",[67,68],{"q":30,"a":33},{"q":46,"a":49},"Should I cite the paper I read or the original study it references?","answer",{},true,3,[75,78],{"label":76,"to":77},"Retrieval across a curated corpus","\u002Fdocs\u002Fcore-concepts\u002Frag-and-retrieval",{"label":79,"to":80},"Claims and citations in a research map","\u002Fdocs\u002Fcore-concepts\u002Fmindmaps-nodes-and-claims","\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original","should i cite the paper i read or the original it cites",{"text":84,"to":77,"label":85},"When Agent Bayes retrieves evidence it distinguishes between what a paper argues itself and what it merely reports from another source, so a claim attached to a passage that is reporting someone else is marked as such. That is the distinction second-hand citations lose.","How reported and endorsed claims are separated",[87,88],"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-chatgpt-invents-references","\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ffind-the-paper-you-half-remember",{"title":5,"description":64},[91,95,98],{"label":92,"url":93,"checked":94},"Greenberg, How citation distortions create unfounded authority: analysis of a citation network, BMJ (2009)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1136\u002Fbmj.b2680","2026-08-06",{"label":96,"url":97,"checked":94},"Penders, Ten simple rules for responsible referencing, PLoS Computational Biology (2018)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pcbi.1006036",{"label":99,"url":100,"checked":94},"Jergas and Baethge, Quotation accuracy in medical journal articles, a systematic review and meta-analysis, PeerJ (2015)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.7717\u002Fpeerj.1364","answers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original","g6HgVwn2eS1KrwJO_vHHO-eMROJI22aoftf_-h4Ujf4",[104,109,113,114,118,123,128,133,138,143,148,153],{"path":105,"heading":106,"description":107,"order":108},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fdo-i-need-to-cite-everything","Do I need to cite absolutely everything in a thesis?","Whether every sentence in a thesis needs a citation, what counts as common knowledge in your field, and whether it is possible to cite too much.",1,{"path":110,"heading":111,"description":112,"order":61},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fwhere-does-the-citation-go","Where should a citation go when only one clause in a sentence needs support?","Where the citation marker belongs when only part of a sentence comes from a source, whether to repeat it every sentence, and how to attribute a paragraph.",{"path":81,"heading":69,"description":64,"order":73},{"path":115,"heading":116,"description":117,"order":58},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-paper-you-cannot-access","Can I cite a paper I cannot get hold of?","What to do about a paywalled or unavailable paper you need to cite, the legitimate ways to get a copy, and how to cite it if you genuinely cannot read it.",{"path":119,"heading":120,"description":121,"order":122},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-review-instead-of-the-original","Is citing a review instead of the original research bad practice?","Whether citing a review article instead of the primary studies is acceptable, when a review is the right citation, and how many sources a broad claim needs.",5,{"path":124,"heading":125,"description":126,"order":127},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcited-source-does-not-say-that","What do I do when a paper's cited source does not support its claim?","What to do when a paper's citation does not support the claim attached to it, how far back through a citation chain to check, and whether you can use the claim.",6,{"path":129,"heading":130,"description":131,"order":132},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation","How do I check that every claim in my thesis is supported by its citation?","How to verify that every claim in a thesis is supported by its source, what a claim-level audit looks like, and whether an abstract can support a claim.",7,{"path":134,"heading":135,"description":136,"order":137},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fyou-described-a-result-too-broadly","How do I fix a sentence that describes a study's result too broadly?","How to fix a sentence that describes a study's result too broadly, which parts of a claim drift away from the evidence, and how to hedge without sounding unsure.",8,{"path":139,"heading":140,"description":141,"order":142},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fjournal-page-number-or-pdf-page-number","Do I use the journal page number or the PDF page number in a citation?","Which page number belongs in a citation when the PDF numbering differs, whether paraphrases need page numbers, and how to cite a source that has no pages at all.",9,{"path":144,"heading":145,"description":146,"order":147},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fquoting-a-source-in-another-language","How do I quote a source in another language in an English thesis?","How to quote a non-English source in an English thesis, whether to give the original or the translation or both, and how to cite a translation you made yourself.",10,{"path":149,"heading":150,"description":151,"order":152},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fhow-much-self-citation","How much self-citation is acceptable?","How much self-citation is acceptable in a paper or thesis, whether editors and reviewers flag it, and how to cite your own unpublished or in-progress work.",11,{"path":154,"heading":155,"description":156,"order":157},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fzotero-or-mendeley","Should I use Zotero or Mendeley for a PhD?","How to choose between Zotero and Mendeley for doctoral work, how to migrate a library from one to the other, and how to stop duplicate references accumulating.",12,[159,162,165,168,171,174,177,180,183,186,189,192,195,198,201,204,207,210,213,216,219,222,225,227,228,229,230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,242,245,248,251,254,257,260,263,266,269,272,275,278,281,284,287,290,293,296,299,302,305,308,311,314,317,320,323,326,329,332,334,337,340,343,346,349,352,355,358,361,364,367,370,373,376,379,382,385,388,391,394,397,400,403,406,409,412,415,418,421,424,427,430],{"path":160,"heading":161},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fdraft-without-stopping-for-citations","How do I draft when I keep stopping to look up citations?",{"path":163,"heading":164},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fhow-long-should-a-literature-review-chapter-be","How long should a literature review chapter be?",{"path":166,"heading":167},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fparaphrase-without-plagiarizing","How do I paraphrase a source without plagiarizing?",{"path":169,"heading":170},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fstructure-a-phd-thesis","How do I structure a PhD thesis chapter by chapter?",{"path":172,"heading":173},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fthesis-by-publication-or-monograph","Should I do a thesis by publication or a monograph?",{"path":175,"heading":176},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-discussion-section","How do I write a discussion section without repeating the results?",{"path":178,"heading":179},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-methodology-chapter","How do I write a methodology chapter?",{"path":181,"heading":182},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-thesis-introduction","How do I write a thesis introduction?",{"path":184,"heading":185},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-an-abstract","How do I write an abstract for a research paper?",{"path":187,"heading":188},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-consistently-during-a-phd","How do I write consistently during a PhD?",{"path":190,"heading":191},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fai-for-systematic-review-screening","Can I use AI for screening in a systematic review?",{"path":193,"heading":194},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fare-ai-detectors-reliable","Are AI detectors reliable?",{"path":196,"heading":197},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-an-ai-be-an-author","Can an AI tool be listed as an author on a paper?",{"path":199,"heading":200},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-i-use-ai-for-a-literature-review","Can I use AI for a literature review?",{"path":202,"heading":203},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-you-trust-an-ai-summary","Can I trust AI summaries of research papers?",{"path":205,"heading":206},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fdisclose-ai-use-in-a-paper","Do I need to disclose AI use in a research paper?",{"path":208,"heading":209},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fhow-to-cite-chatgpt","How do I cite ChatGPT in APA 7?",{"path":211,"heading":212},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fis-using-chatgpt-plagiarism","Is using ChatGPT for academic writing plagiarism?",{"path":214,"heading":215},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-in-a-phd-thesis","Can I use AI in a PhD thesis?",{"path":217,"heading":218},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-to-write-a-peer-review","Can I use AI to help write a peer review?",{"path":220,"heading":221},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fverify-ai-generated-citations","How do I check whether AI-generated citations are real?",{"path":223,"heading":224},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-ai-answers-better-on-your-own-pdfs","Why does an AI answer better when it reads my own PDFs?",{"path":87,"heading":226},"Why does ChatGPT make up references?",{"path":129,"heading":130},{"path":81,"heading":69},{"path":124,"heading":125},{"path":115,"heading":116},{"path":119,"heading":120},{"path":105,"heading":106},{"path":149,"heading":150},{"path":139,"heading":140},{"path":144,"heading":145},{"path":110,"heading":111},{"path":134,"heading":135},{"path":154,"heading":155},{"path":240,"heading":241},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fbuild-a-synthesis-matrix","How do I build a synthesis matrix when my themes keep changing as I read?",{"path":243,"heading":244},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current","How do I keep a literature review current over a multi-year PhD?",{"path":246,"heading":247},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-synthesis-or-summary","How do I know if my literature review is synthesis or just a summary?",{"path":249,"heading":250},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-too-descriptive","What does it mean when a supervisor says a literature review is too descriptive?",{"path":252,"heading":253},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fnarrative-scoping-or-systematic-review","What is the difference between a narrative literature review and a systematic review?",{"path":255,"heading":256},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Forganize-literature-review-by-argument","How do I organize a literature review by argument instead of by paper?",{"path":258,"heading":259},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Freview-that-leads-to-your-question","How do I write a literature review that leads logically to my research question?",{"path":261,"heading":262},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fscreening-abstracts-for-a-review","How do I screen hundreds of abstracts for a systematic review?",{"path":264,"heading":265},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fstudies-with-opposite-conclusions","What do I write when two studies on the same question reach opposite conclusions?",{"path":267,"heading":268},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsynthesis-matrix-into-paragraphs","How do I turn a synthesis matrix into literature review paragraphs?",{"path":270,"heading":271},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsystematic-review-search-strategy","How do I build a search strategy for a systematic review?",{"path":273,"heading":274},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fwhen-to-stop-searching-for-papers","How do I know when to stop searching for papers for a literature review?",{"path":276,"heading":277},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fdefend-your-methodology-in-a-viva","How do I defend my methodology in a viva?",{"path":279,"heading":280},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fimposter-syndrome-in-a-phd","How do I deal with imposter syndrome during a PhD?",{"path":282,"heading":283},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fplan-a-realistic-phd-timeline","How do I plan a realistic PhD timeline?",{"path":285,"heading":286},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fpostdoc-or-industry","Should I do a postdoc or go to industry after my PhD?",{"path":288,"heading":289},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fprepare-for-a-phd-viva","How do I prepare for a PhD viva?",{"path":291,"heading":292},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fstop-procrastinating-on-your-phd","How do I stop procrastinating on my PhD?",{"path":294,"heading":295},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhat-happens-if-a-viva-goes-badly","What happens if you fail a PhD viva?",{"path":297,"heading":298},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhen-your-supervisor-is-not-supportive","What do I do when my PhD supervisor is not supportive?",{"path":300,"heading":301},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwrite-an-academic-cv","How do I write an academic CV for a postdoc application?",{"path":303,"heading":304},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fchoose-a-journal","How do I choose a journal for my paper?",{"path":306,"heading":307},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fdo-you-pay-to-publish-open-access","Do I have to pay to publish open access?",{"path":309,"heading":310},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-author-order-is-decided","How is author order decided on a paper?",{"path":312,"heading":313},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-peer-review-works","How does journal peer review actually work?",{"path":315,"heading":316},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-to-cite-a-preprint","How do I cite a preprint?",{"path":318,"heading":319},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fjournal-submission-cover-letter","How do I write a cover letter for a journal submission?",{"path":321,"heading":322},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Frespond-to-reviewer-comments","How do I respond to peer reviewer comments?",{"path":324,"heading":325},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fshould-you-post-a-preprint","Should I post my paper as a preprint?",{"path":327,"heading":328},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fspot-a-predatory-journal","How do I tell if a journal is predatory?",{"path":330,"heading":331},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fwhy-papers-get-desk-rejected","Why was my paper desk rejected?",{"path":88,"heading":333},"How do I find a paper when I only remember the argument it made?",{"path":335,"heading":336},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhighlighting-pdfs-stops-working","Why can I never find my PDF highlights again?",{"path":338,"heading":339},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhow-many-papers-can-you-read-a-day","How many papers can a PhD student realistically read in a day?",{"path":341,"heading":342},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fkeep-up-with-new-papers","How do I keep up with new papers without reading everything?",{"path":344,"heading":345},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnon-english-studies-in-a-review","How do I include non-English studies in a literature review?",{"path":347,"heading":348},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnote-system-takes-too-long","What do I do when my note-taking system takes longer than reading the papers?",{"path":350,"heading":351},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Forganize-100-papers","How do I organize and extract information from more than 100 papers?",{"path":353,"heading":354},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Freading-papers-in-a-second-language","How do I read research papers efficiently when English is my second language?",{"path":356,"heading":357},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fremember-what-a-paper-said","How do I remember what was in papers I read months ago?",{"path":359,"heading":360},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Frestart-a-project-after-months-away","How do I get back into a research project after months away?",{"path":362,"heading":363},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftrack-connections-between-papers","How do I keep track of connections between papers?",{"path":365,"heading":366},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftriage-pdfs-before-reading","How do I triage 200 PDFs before deciding which ones to read in full?",{"path":368,"heading":369},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fanonymize-qualitative-data","How do I anonymize qualitative interview data?",{"path":371,"heading":372},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Ffair-data-principles-in-practice","What are the FAIR data principles?",{"path":374,"heading":375},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Forganize-research-data-files","How do I organize research data files?",{"path":377,"heading":378},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwhat-preregistration-is","What is preregistration in research?",{"path":380,"heading":381},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwrite-a-data-management-plan","How do I write a data management plan?",{"path":383,"heading":384},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fchoose-a-theoretical-framework","How do I choose a theoretical framework for my thesis?",{"path":386,"heading":387},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Ffind-a-research-gap","How do I identify a research gap in the literature?",{"path":389,"heading":390},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fis-my-research-gap-original","How do I know if my research gap is original?",{"path":392,"heading":393},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question","How do I narrow down a research question that is too broad?",{"path":395,"heading":396},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-changed-mid-phd","Can a research question change during a PhD?",{"path":398,"heading":399},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis","What is the difference between a research question and a hypothesis?",{"path":401,"heading":402},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fturn-a-topic-into-a-research-question","How do I turn a research topic into a research question?",{"path":404,"heading":405},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question","What makes a good research question in a PhD thesis?",{"path":407,"heading":408},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwrite-a-research-gap-statement","How do I write a research gap statement?",{"path":410,"heading":411},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fchoose-a-statistical-test","How do I choose which statistical test to use?",{"path":413,"heading":414},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-many-interviews-is-enough","How many interviews are enough for a qualitative study?",{"path":416,"heading":417},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-to-do-thematic-analysis","How do I do thematic analysis step by step?",{"path":419,"heading":420},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Finductive-or-deductive-coding","What is the difference between inductive and deductive thematic analysis?",{"path":422,"heading":423},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fintegrate-mixed-methods-data","How do I integrate qualitative and quantitative data in a mixed methods study?",{"path":425,"heading":426},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Frigour-in-qualitative-research","How do I show rigour in qualitative research?",{"path":428,"heading":429},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwhat-a-p-value-means","What does a p value actually mean?",{"path":431,"heading":432},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwork-out-your-sample-size","How do I calculate the sample size for a study?",1786014768215]