[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":442},["ShallowReactive",2],{"answers-\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation":3,"answers-cluster-citations":112,"answers-related-\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation":167},{"id":4,"title":5,"answer":6,"body":7,"cluster":72,"description":73,"extension":74,"faq":75,"heading":78,"intro":66,"kind":79,"meta":80,"navigation":81,"order":82,"outbound":83,"path":90,"primaryQuery":91,"product":92,"related":95,"seo":98,"sources":99,"stem":110,"updated":103,"__hash__":111},"answers\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation.md","How to Check Every Claim Against Its Citation","Extract the claims, then check them one at a time against the cited passage rather than rereading chapters. Make a list of every sentence carrying a citation, with its source and page, and work down it. Reading for verification and reading for sense are different tasks and do not mix.",{"type":8,"value":9,"toc":65},"minimark",[10,14,17,20,23,26,31,34,37,40,43,46,50,53,56,59,62],[11,12,13],"p",{},"Most people check citations by rereading their chapters, which is the least effective way to do it. Reading your own prose activates the memory of writing it, and the claim feels supported because you remember believing it. Verification needs the opposite: the claim in isolation, next to the evidence, with no surrounding argument to make it sound reasonable.",[11,15,16],{},"So separate the claim from the chapter. Extract every sentence that carries a citation into a list. For a thesis this is somewhere between two and six hundred rows, which sounds crushing and takes less time than expected, because most rows resolve in under a minute once the source is open.",[11,18,19],{},"Work by source rather than by chapter. Open one paper, check every claim in the thesis that cites it, then move on. That saves the opening and reorienting cost, which is most of the time in this task.",[11,21,22],{},"Give the pass a fixed budget. Three days near the end of writing, done properly, is enough for a thesis, and it is one of the highest-return uses of three days available to you. Examiners check citations, and they usually start with the ones that sounded surprising.",[11,24,25],{},"The error rates justify the time. A meta-analysis of quotation accuracy in medical journal articles found pooled rates of 11.9 percent major errors, 11.5 percent minor errors, and 25.4 percent total errors, where a major error means the cited source is not coherent with the claim the citing author attached to it (Jergas and Baethge, 2015, p. 2). Those pooled figures come from roughly 27 studies of medical articles with very high heterogeneity between them, so treat them as a reason to check rather than as a rate for your own field (Jergas and Baethge, 2015, p. 11). The authors do report that the finding of substantial quotation inaccuracy held up across their sensitivity and subgroup analyses (Jergas and Baethge, 2015, p. 16).",[27,28,30],"h2",{"id":29},"what-does-a-claim-level-audit-look-like-in-practice","What does a claim-level audit look like in practice?",[11,32,33],{},"One row per cited sentence: the sentence, the source, the page, and a verdict of supported, partly supported, or not found. Partly supported is the important column, since it catches claims that are broader than the evidence, which is the most common failure and the hardest to see while writing.",[11,35,36],{},"Decide what each row means before you write the verdict. Compare claim and source on five points: meaning, scope, population, method, and result. Ask whether the source makes the claim at all, whether it covers the same participants or texts or period, whether you turned a qualified result into an absolute one, whether you read an author's interpretation as an observed finding, and whether the number and its direction and uncertainty came across intact. A reference that carries an argument needs enough context to show its relevance and whether the cited findings support or oppose your conclusion, which is a different job from a reference to a dataset or a method (Penders, 2018, p. 3).",[11,38,39],{},"Watch for the failure where the source exists and says something close to your sentence, but not the same thing. Greenberg calls this citation diversion, and the network analysis shows how far it travels. One primary paper found no beta-amyloid precursor protein in three of five patients and only a few fibres in the other two, yet later papers described that evidence as confirming a broad accumulation claim, and the altered version went on to collect 7,848 supportive citation paths over the following decade (Greenberg, 2009, p. 3). Your verdict column should record the strength of support, not only its presence.",[11,41,42],{},"Do not fix as you go. Marking and moving keeps the pass fast and keeps you in verification mode rather than drifting into rewriting, which is a different task with a different rhythm. Fix everything in one editing pass afterwards.",[11,44,45],{},"Sort the finished list by verdict. The not-found rows need a source or need cutting. The partly-supported rows need the sentence narrowed, which is usually a change of three or four words.",[27,47,49],{"id":48},"can-an-abstract-support-a-claim-on-its-own","Can an abstract support a claim on its own?",[11,51,52],{},"Rarely. Abstracts drop the conditions that make findings true, so a claim verified against an abstract is often broader than the paper supports. Use abstracts to decide whether to check the full text, never as the evidence you verified against.",[11,54,55],{},"The specific things abstracts lose are population limits, effect sizes, the analysis actually run, and the authors' own caveats. Any of those can be the difference between your sentence being true and being an overstatement.",[11,57,58],{},"The same network analysis gives a concrete case. Seven papers made 17 citations to 12 abstracts whose content was misrepresented, and a claim about one form of beta-amyloid being more common than another was absorbed as established fact even though the cited item was a conference abstract rather than a full paper (Greenberg, 2009, p. 5). Penders makes the related point that citation counts and database entries are not evidence of quality and do not tell you whether a citing work endorsed or challenged the claim, so consulting the publication's actual content is the only reliable check (Penders, 2018, p. 2).",[11,60,61],{},"There is one exception worth naming. When you are citing a paper for its existence or its topic rather than its result, the abstract is sufficient, because that is all your claim requires.",[11,63,64],{},"Whichever route you take, record the verification. A column noting the date you checked each claim turns a nervous memory into something you can point at when an examiner asks how carefully the references were handled.",{"title":66,"searchDepth":67,"depth":67,"links":68},"",4,[69,71],{"id":29,"depth":70,"text":30},2,{"id":48,"depth":70,"text":49},"citations","How to verify that every claim in a thesis is supported by its source, what a claim-level audit looks like, and whether an abstract can support a claim.","md",[76,77],{"q":30,"a":33},{"q":49,"a":52},"How do I check that every claim in my thesis is supported by its citation?","answer",{},true,7,[84,87],{"label":85,"to":86},"AI verification of claims and citations","\u002Fdocs\u002Fcore-concepts\u002Fai-verification",{"label":88,"to":89},"What separates AI research tools","\u002Fblog\u002Fwhat-separates-ai-research-tools","\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation","how to check every claim in my thesis is supported by its citation",{"text":93,"to":86,"label":94},"Agent Bayes can take claims you have written and the citations you attached, read the full text behind each one, and score how well the evidence supports the claim as written. Where the wording overstates the sources, it rewrites the claim into alignment while keeping your intended meaning.","How claim verification works",[96,97],"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fverify-ai-generated-citations","\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-too-descriptive",{"title":5,"description":73},[100,104,107],{"label":101,"url":102,"checked":103},"Jergas and Baethge, Quotation accuracy in medical journal articles, a systematic review and meta-analysis, PeerJ (2015)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.7717\u002Fpeerj.1364","2026-08-06",{"label":105,"url":106,"checked":103},"Greenberg, How citation distortions create unfounded authority: analysis of a citation network, BMJ (2009)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1136\u002Fbmj.b2680",{"label":108,"url":109,"checked":103},"Penders, Ten simple rules for responsible referencing, PLoS Computational Biology (2018)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1371\u002Fjournal.pcbi.1006036","answers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcheck-every-claim-against-its-citation","IGhTeV6Cc-ZKn1GcvFzzRZPuiT3hPXyUFdn87fsgLSo",[113,118,122,127,131,136,141,142,147,152,157,162],{"path":114,"heading":115,"description":116,"order":117},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fdo-i-need-to-cite-everything","Do I need to cite absolutely everything in a thesis?","Whether every sentence in a thesis needs a citation, what counts as common knowledge in your field, and whether it is possible to cite too much.",1,{"path":119,"heading":120,"description":121,"order":70},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fwhere-does-the-citation-go","Where should a citation go when only one clause in a sentence needs support?","Where the citation marker belongs when only part of a sentence comes from a source, whether to repeat it every sentence, and how to attribute a paragraph.",{"path":123,"heading":124,"description":125,"order":126},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcite-the-paper-you-read-or-the-original","Should I cite the paper I read or the original study it references?","Whether to cite the paper you actually read or the original study it references, when an as cited in citation is acceptable, and what goes in the reference list.",3,{"path":128,"heading":129,"description":130,"order":67},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-paper-you-cannot-access","Can I cite a paper I cannot get hold of?","What to do about a paywalled or unavailable paper you need to cite, the legitimate ways to get a copy, and how to cite it if you genuinely cannot read it.",{"path":132,"heading":133,"description":134,"order":135},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fciting-a-review-instead-of-the-original","Is citing a review instead of the original research bad practice?","Whether citing a review article instead of the primary studies is acceptable, when a review is the right citation, and how many sources a broad claim needs.",5,{"path":137,"heading":138,"description":139,"order":140},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fcited-source-does-not-say-that","What do I do when a paper's cited source does not support its claim?","What to do when a paper's citation does not support the claim attached to it, how far back through a citation chain to check, and whether you can use the claim.",6,{"path":90,"heading":78,"description":73,"order":82},{"path":143,"heading":144,"description":145,"order":146},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fyou-described-a-result-too-broadly","How do I fix a sentence that describes a study's result too broadly?","How to fix a sentence that describes a study's result too broadly, which parts of a claim drift away from the evidence, and how to hedge without sounding unsure.",8,{"path":148,"heading":149,"description":150,"order":151},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fjournal-page-number-or-pdf-page-number","Do I use the journal page number or the PDF page number in a citation?","Which page number belongs in a citation when the PDF numbering differs, whether paraphrases need page numbers, and how to cite a source that has no pages at all.",9,{"path":153,"heading":154,"description":155,"order":156},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fquoting-a-source-in-another-language","How do I quote a source in another language in an English thesis?","How to quote a non-English source in an English thesis, whether to give the original or the translation or both, and how to cite a translation you made yourself.",10,{"path":158,"heading":159,"description":160,"order":161},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fhow-much-self-citation","How much self-citation is acceptable?","How much self-citation is acceptable in a paper or thesis, whether editors and reviewers flag it, and how to cite your own unpublished or in-progress work.",11,{"path":163,"heading":164,"description":165,"order":166},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fcitations\u002Fzotero-or-mendeley","Should I use Zotero or Mendeley for a PhD?","How to choose between Zotero and Mendeley for doctoral work, how to migrate a library from one to the other, and how to stop duplicate references accumulating.",12,[168,171,174,177,180,183,186,189,192,195,198,201,204,207,210,213,216,219,222,225,228,230,233,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,251,254,257,259,262,265,268,271,274,277,280,283,286,289,292,295,298,301,304,307,310,313,316,319,322,325,328,331,334,337,340,343,346,349,352,355,358,361,364,367,370,373,376,379,382,385,388,391,394,397,400,403,406,409,412,415,418,421,424,427,430,433,436,439],{"path":169,"heading":170},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fdraft-without-stopping-for-citations","How do I draft when I keep stopping to look up citations?",{"path":172,"heading":173},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fhow-long-should-a-literature-review-chapter-be","How long should a literature review chapter be?",{"path":175,"heading":176},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fparaphrase-without-plagiarizing","How do I paraphrase a source without plagiarizing?",{"path":178,"heading":179},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fstructure-a-phd-thesis","How do I structure a PhD thesis chapter by chapter?",{"path":181,"heading":182},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fthesis-by-publication-or-monograph","Should I do a thesis by publication or a monograph?",{"path":184,"heading":185},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-discussion-section","How do I write a discussion section without repeating the results?",{"path":187,"heading":188},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-methodology-chapter","How do I write a methodology chapter?",{"path":190,"heading":191},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-a-thesis-introduction","How do I write a thesis introduction?",{"path":193,"heading":194},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-an-abstract","How do I write an abstract for a research paper?",{"path":196,"heading":197},"\u002Fanswers\u002Facademic-writing\u002Fwrite-consistently-during-a-phd","How do I write consistently during a PhD?",{"path":199,"heading":200},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fai-for-systematic-review-screening","Can I use AI for screening in a systematic review?",{"path":202,"heading":203},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fare-ai-detectors-reliable","Are AI detectors reliable?",{"path":205,"heading":206},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-an-ai-be-an-author","Can an AI tool be listed as an author on a paper?",{"path":208,"heading":209},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-i-use-ai-for-a-literature-review","Can I use AI for a literature review?",{"path":211,"heading":212},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fcan-you-trust-an-ai-summary","Can I trust AI summaries of research papers?",{"path":214,"heading":215},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fdisclose-ai-use-in-a-paper","Do I need to disclose AI use in a research paper?",{"path":217,"heading":218},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fhow-to-cite-chatgpt","How do I cite ChatGPT in APA 7?",{"path":220,"heading":221},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fis-using-chatgpt-plagiarism","Is using ChatGPT for academic writing plagiarism?",{"path":223,"heading":224},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-in-a-phd-thesis","Can I use AI in a PhD thesis?",{"path":226,"heading":227},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fusing-ai-to-write-a-peer-review","Can I use AI to help write a peer review?",{"path":96,"heading":229},"How do I check whether AI-generated citations are real?",{"path":231,"heading":232},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-ai-answers-better-on-your-own-pdfs","Why does an AI answer better when it reads my own PDFs?",{"path":234,"heading":235},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fai-in-research\u002Fwhy-chatgpt-invents-references","Why does ChatGPT make up references?",{"path":90,"heading":78},{"path":123,"heading":124},{"path":137,"heading":138},{"path":128,"heading":129},{"path":132,"heading":133},{"path":114,"heading":115},{"path":158,"heading":159},{"path":148,"heading":149},{"path":153,"heading":154},{"path":119,"heading":120},{"path":143,"heading":144},{"path":163,"heading":164},{"path":249,"heading":250},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fbuild-a-synthesis-matrix","How do I build a synthesis matrix when my themes keep changing as I read?",{"path":252,"heading":253},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fkeep-a-literature-review-current","How do I keep a literature review current over a multi-year PhD?",{"path":255,"heading":256},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fliterature-review-synthesis-or-summary","How do I know if my literature review is synthesis or just a summary?",{"path":97,"heading":258},"What does it mean when a supervisor says a literature review is too descriptive?",{"path":260,"heading":261},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fnarrative-scoping-or-systematic-review","What is the difference between a narrative literature review and a systematic review?",{"path":263,"heading":264},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Forganize-literature-review-by-argument","How do I organize a literature review by argument instead of by paper?",{"path":266,"heading":267},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Freview-that-leads-to-your-question","How do I write a literature review that leads logically to my research question?",{"path":269,"heading":270},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fscreening-abstracts-for-a-review","How do I screen hundreds of abstracts for a systematic review?",{"path":272,"heading":273},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fstudies-with-opposite-conclusions","What do I write when two studies on the same question reach opposite conclusions?",{"path":275,"heading":276},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsynthesis-matrix-into-paragraphs","How do I turn a synthesis matrix into literature review paragraphs?",{"path":278,"heading":279},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fsystematic-review-search-strategy","How do I build a search strategy for a systematic review?",{"path":281,"heading":282},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fliterature-review\u002Fwhen-to-stop-searching-for-papers","How do I know when to stop searching for papers for a literature review?",{"path":284,"heading":285},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fdefend-your-methodology-in-a-viva","How do I defend my methodology in a viva?",{"path":287,"heading":288},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fimposter-syndrome-in-a-phd","How do I deal with imposter syndrome during a PhD?",{"path":290,"heading":291},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fplan-a-realistic-phd-timeline","How do I plan a realistic PhD timeline?",{"path":293,"heading":294},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fpostdoc-or-industry","Should I do a postdoc or go to industry after my PhD?",{"path":296,"heading":297},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fprepare-for-a-phd-viva","How do I prepare for a PhD viva?",{"path":299,"heading":300},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fstop-procrastinating-on-your-phd","How do I stop procrastinating on my PhD?",{"path":302,"heading":303},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhat-happens-if-a-viva-goes-badly","What happens if you fail a PhD viva?",{"path":305,"heading":306},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwhen-your-supervisor-is-not-supportive","What do I do when my PhD supervisor is not supportive?",{"path":308,"heading":309},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fphd-life\u002Fwrite-an-academic-cv","How do I write an academic CV for a postdoc application?",{"path":311,"heading":312},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fchoose-a-journal","How do I choose a journal for my paper?",{"path":314,"heading":315},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fdo-you-pay-to-publish-open-access","Do I have to pay to publish open access?",{"path":317,"heading":318},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-author-order-is-decided","How is author order decided on a paper?",{"path":320,"heading":321},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-peer-review-works","How does journal peer review actually work?",{"path":323,"heading":324},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fhow-to-cite-a-preprint","How do I cite a preprint?",{"path":326,"heading":327},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fjournal-submission-cover-letter","How do I write a cover letter for a journal submission?",{"path":329,"heading":330},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Frespond-to-reviewer-comments","How do I respond to peer reviewer comments?",{"path":332,"heading":333},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fshould-you-post-a-preprint","Should I post my paper as a preprint?",{"path":335,"heading":336},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fspot-a-predatory-journal","How do I tell if a journal is predatory?",{"path":338,"heading":339},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fpublishing\u002Fwhy-papers-get-desk-rejected","Why was my paper desk rejected?",{"path":341,"heading":342},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ffind-the-paper-you-half-remember","How do I find a paper when I only remember the argument it made?",{"path":344,"heading":345},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhighlighting-pdfs-stops-working","Why can I never find my PDF highlights again?",{"path":347,"heading":348},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fhow-many-papers-can-you-read-a-day","How many papers can a PhD student realistically read in a day?",{"path":350,"heading":351},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fkeep-up-with-new-papers","How do I keep up with new papers without reading everything?",{"path":353,"heading":354},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnon-english-studies-in-a-review","How do I include non-English studies in a literature review?",{"path":356,"heading":357},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fnote-system-takes-too-long","What do I do when my note-taking system takes longer than reading the papers?",{"path":359,"heading":360},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Forganize-100-papers","How do I organize and extract information from more than 100 papers?",{"path":362,"heading":363},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Freading-papers-in-a-second-language","How do I read research papers efficiently when English is my second language?",{"path":365,"heading":366},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Fremember-what-a-paper-said","How do I remember what was in papers I read months ago?",{"path":368,"heading":369},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Frestart-a-project-after-months-away","How do I get back into a research project after months away?",{"path":371,"heading":372},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftrack-connections-between-papers","How do I keep track of connections between papers?",{"path":374,"heading":375},"\u002Fanswers\u002Freading-and-notes\u002Ftriage-pdfs-before-reading","How do I triage 200 PDFs before deciding which ones to read in full?",{"path":377,"heading":378},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fanonymize-qualitative-data","How do I anonymize qualitative interview data?",{"path":380,"heading":381},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Ffair-data-principles-in-practice","What are the FAIR data principles?",{"path":383,"heading":384},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Forganize-research-data-files","How do I organize research data files?",{"path":386,"heading":387},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwhat-preregistration-is","What is preregistration in research?",{"path":389,"heading":390},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-data\u002Fwrite-a-data-management-plan","How do I write a data management plan?",{"path":392,"heading":393},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fchoose-a-theoretical-framework","How do I choose a theoretical framework for my thesis?",{"path":395,"heading":396},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Ffind-a-research-gap","How do I identify a research gap in the literature?",{"path":398,"heading":399},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fis-my-research-gap-original","How do I know if my research gap is original?",{"path":401,"heading":402},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fnarrow-a-broad-research-question","How do I narrow down a research question that is too broad?",{"path":404,"heading":405},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-changed-mid-phd","Can a research question change during a PhD?",{"path":407,"heading":408},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fresearch-question-or-hypothesis","What is the difference between a research question and a hypothesis?",{"path":410,"heading":411},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fturn-a-topic-into-a-research-question","How do I turn a research topic into a research question?",{"path":413,"heading":414},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwhat-makes-a-good-research-question","What makes a good research question in a PhD thesis?",{"path":416,"heading":417},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-gaps\u002Fwrite-a-research-gap-statement","How do I write a research gap statement?",{"path":419,"heading":420},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fchoose-a-statistical-test","How do I choose which statistical test to use?",{"path":422,"heading":423},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-many-interviews-is-enough","How many interviews are enough for a qualitative study?",{"path":425,"heading":426},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fhow-to-do-thematic-analysis","How do I do thematic analysis step by step?",{"path":428,"heading":429},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Finductive-or-deductive-coding","What is the difference between inductive and deductive thematic analysis?",{"path":431,"heading":432},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fintegrate-mixed-methods-data","How do I integrate qualitative and quantitative data in a mixed methods study?",{"path":434,"heading":435},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Frigour-in-qualitative-research","How do I show rigour in qualitative research?",{"path":437,"heading":438},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwhat-a-p-value-means","What does a p value actually mean?",{"path":440,"heading":441},"\u002Fanswers\u002Fresearch-methods\u002Fwork-out-your-sample-size","How do I calculate the sample size for a study?",1786014768402]